Table 1.
Active/medical principle or a drug for transdermal applications.
| Group | Active/Medical Principle, Drug | Water Solubility | References | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| − | [12,13,14,15,16,17,18] | Polymeric reservoir = free of any active/medical principle, drug. | ||
| Antibiotics | ✓ | [19,20,21] | Ref. [15]: Chitosan lactate 45–50%, HA 45–50%, antibiotic 5–10%. Ref. [16]: Chitosan 25–40 parts, succinyl-chitosan 10–25 parts, HA sodium 5–15 parts, antibacterial 1–5 parts.a |
|
| Antiemetics | Granisetron | ✓ | [22] | This drug exists also as Granisetron hydrochloride. Patch matrix layer is an acrylate-vinylacetate copolymer. |
| Antiinflammatory, NSAIDs | Diclofenac | (✓) b | [23] | This drug exists also as Na salt with increased drug solubility. Diclofenac epolamine is applied to non-woven polyester. |
| Ketoprofen | (✓) | [24] | Patch matrix layer is an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive polymer. | |
| Piroxicam | (✓) | [25] | Multipolymeric composite patch. |
|
| Quercetin | (✓) | [2] | N-carboxybutylchitosan and agarose film- or foam-like reservoirs. | |
| Antiparkinsonians | Rotigotine | (✓) | [26] | This drug exists also as Rotigotine hydrochloride. Multipolymeric composite patch. |
| Selegiline | (✓) | [27] | This drug exists also as Selegiline hydrochloride. Multipolymeric composite patch. |
|
| Antiseptics | Chlorhexidine diacetate | ✓ | [28] | Multipolymeric composite patch. |
| Analgesics, Anesthetics, Anodynes | Buprenorphine | (✓) | [29] | This drug exists also as Buprenorphine hydrochloride. Multipolymeric composite patch. |
| Fentanyl | (✓) | [30] | Multipolymeric composite patch. This drug is incorporated within a patch as Fentanyl:Citric acid, 1:1, which increases the drug solubility. | |
| Ketorolac | (✓) | [31] | Chitosan-cellulose patch. | |
| Lidocaine | (✓) | [32] | Chitosan patch. This drug exists also as Lidocaine hydrochloride, which increases the drug solubility. |
|
| Contraceptives, Hormoness | Estradiol | (✓) | [33] | Encapsulation to cyclodextrin increases estradiol solubility in water. This drug is combined within a patch also with Noretisterone or Progesterone. |
| Testosterone | (✓) | [34] | Encapsulation to cyclodextrin increases testosterone solubility in water. | |
| Parasympatholytics | Scopolamine | This drug exists also as Scopolamine hydrobromide. | ||
| Oxybutynin hydrochloride | ✓ | [35] | Multipolymeric composite patch. | |
| Psychostimulants | Rivastigmine | ✓ | [36] | Multipolymeric composite patch. |
| Methylphenidate hydrochloride | ✓ | [37] | Patch polymer matrix comprises styrene-isoprene-styrene or polyisobutylene polymers. | |
| Vasodilatant | Nitroglycerine | ✓ | [38] | Patch contains acrylic-based adhesives with a resinous cross-linking agent. |
| Varia | Clonidine | (✓) | [39] | Multipolymeric composite patch. |
| Nicotine | ✓ | [40] | Multipolymeric composite patch. |
a The preparation contains also a pain/inflammation diminishing agent 2–8 parts, starch 5–20 parts, and plasticizer 2–10 parts. b (✓) Sparingly soluble in water.