Table 2.

Comparison of different PFA model.

	⟪Psychological First Aid Guide for Field workers⟫	⟪Psychological First Aid: Field Operations Guide⟫	⟪The Johns Hopkins Guide to Psychological First Aid⟫	Immediate Cognitive-Functional Psychological First Aid (ICF-PFA): The SIX-Cs PFA Model
Developer	World Health Organization War Trauma Foundation World Vision International	National Child Traumatic Stress Network National Centre for PTSD	Johns Hopkins University	/
Intended purpose	Humanitarian aid in low- and middle-income countries	Common disaster mental health response and research	Mental health preparedness and community resilience initiatives	Nonprofessional community, Professionals and first responders
Approach	Look: Check for safety Check for serious distressed people Approach people who may need help	Contact and Engagement	R-Establishing Rapport and Reflective Listening	Cognitive verbal communication
Listen	Listen: Listen to people, and help them to feel calm	Safety and Comfort Stabilisation	A-Assessment/Listening to the story	Listening the answers to the above cognitive questions
Assessment	Assessing needs and concerns	Information Gathering on Current Needs and concerns	P-Psychological Triage/Prioritisation	Set priorities and make effective decisions
Support	Link Help people address basic needs and access services Help people cope with problems Give information Protecting people from further harm	Practical Assistance Connection with Social Supports Information on Coping	I-Intervention Tactics to Stabilise and Mitigate Acute Distress	Challenge & control: Ask to choose from simple available actions/options Commitment for the person’s safety
Referral	Prepare: Developing a list of available services and support in areas Link: Connect people with loved ones and social support	Linkage with Collaborative Services	D-Disposition and Facilitating Access to Continued Care	Continuity: chronological Synchronisation of the event: underline the ending of the event
Self-care	Caring for yourself and your colleagues	Provider care	Self-care	/
Available resources	Psychological first aid: guide for field workers Facilitation Manual: Psychological First Aid during Ebola Virus Disease Outbreaks Psychological First Aid for Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak Psychological first aid: facilitator’s manual for orienting field workers 31 languages	Psychological First Aid (PFA) Field Operations Guide for Community Religious Professionals Psychological First Aid (PFA) Field Medical Reserve Corps Field Operations Guide PFA: Parent Tips for Helping School-Age Children after Disasters Psychological First Aid (PFA) for Families Experiencing Homelessness 6 languages	Book The Johns Hopkins guide to psychological first aid. Online course: Coursera	/
Evaluation evidence support	Earthquake, Conflict, Triple Disasters, Refugee, Ebola, Acute wards	Hurricane, Flood, Fire, Typhoon, Refugee, Crime, Nursing Home staff	Emergency response, Mental health preparedness capacity building, College student	War crisis, High school student