Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Apr 27;13(9):2114. doi: 10.3390/cancers13092114

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

The cava-pathway and subsequent steps in the development of brain metastasis in renal cell carcinoma. The metastatic spread seems to begin with RCC-derived microvesicles CD105+ which break off from the primary tumour site and disseminate through the cava-type hematogenous pathway in 75% of the cases (1). Then, these microvesicles, carrying a cancer stem cell phenotype which stimulate angiogenesis, are transported through the right heart (2) into the pulmonary capillaries and (3) arterial circulation and finally attain the cerebral vasculature (4).