Table 2.
Cox Regression Analysis of Predictors for Renal Dysfunction Among Adult PLHIV on TDF versus Non-TDF Regimens at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (UoGCSH), January 2015–January 2019 (N=400)
| Variable | Renal Dysfunction | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | CHR (95% CI) | p value | AHR (95% CI) | p value | |
| Treatment Regimens | ||||||
| TDF Based Regimen | 55 | 145 | 2.37(1.48–3.79) | <0.01 | 1.70(1.02–2.82) | 0.04* |
| Non-TDF Based Regimen | 26 | 174 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Age(Year) | ||||||
| 18–35 | 13 | 113 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 36–55 | 53 | 187 | 2.26(1.23–4.16) | 0.01 | 1.63(0.84–3.13) | 0.15 |
| >55 | 15 | 19 | 4.50(2.13–9.46) | <0.01 | 2.81(1.23–6.42) | 0.01* |
| Residence | ||||||
| Rural | 24 | 84 | 1.83(1.13–2.97) | 0.01 | 1.42(0.83–2.41) | 0.20 |
| Urban | 57 | 235 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Baseline Weight | ||||||
| >60 | 18 | 63 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 50–60 | 25 | 97 | 0.75(0.41–1.38) | 0.36 | 0.90(0.48–1.68) | 0.74 |
| <50 | 38 | 159 | 0.65(0.37–1.15) | 0.14 | 0.77(0.43–1.39) | 0.39 |
| WHO Stage | ||||||
| Stage I | 19 | 88 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Stage II | 10 | 75 | 0.82(0.38–1.76) | 0.61 | 0.83(0.37–1.86) | 0.65 |
| Stage III | 30 | 110 | 1.19(0.67–2.12) | 0.54 | 0.57(0.26–1.23) | 0.15 |
| Stage IV | 22 | 46 | 1.91(1.03–3.54) | 0.04 | 0.90(0.38–2.13) | 0.81 |
| Tuberculosis | ||||||
| Yes | 40 | 100 | 1.69(1.09–2.61) | 0.02 | 1.46(0.62–3.45) | 0.38 |
| No | 41 | 219 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Bacterial Pneumonia | ||||||
| Yes | 14 | 21 | 1.80(1.01–3.21) | 0.05 | 1.41(0.70–2.99) | 0.63 |
| No | 67 | 298 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | ||||||
| Yes | 7 | 6 | 2.60(1.19–5.68) | 0.05 | 2.52(1.11–5.72) | 0.03* |
| No | 74 | 313 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Hypertension | ||||||
| Yes | 9 | 10 | 2.00(1.00–4.00) | 0.05 | 1.05(0.46–2.38) | 0.90 |
| No | 72 | 309 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Anti TB Drug | ||||||
| Yes | 50 | 151 | 1.69(1.08–2.64) | 0.02 | 1.22(0.59–2.51) | 0.59 |
| No | 31 | 168 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Concurrent nephrotoxic Drugs | ||||||
| Yes | 34 | 60 | 2.15(1.38–3.34) | <0.01 | 2.24(1.22–4.13) | 0.01* |
| No | 47 | 259 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Concurrent ART | ||||||
| NNRTIs | 66 | 290 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Ritonavir-boosted PIs | 15 | 29 | 1.50(0.85–2.62) | 0.16 | 2.14(1.15–4.10) | 0.02* |
Note: *Significant (P < 0.05).
Abbreviations: CHR, cured hazard ratio; AHR, adjusted hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; ART, antiretroviral therapy; PIs, protease inhibitors; TB, tuberculosis; TDF, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate; WHO, World Health Organization; NNRTI, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor.