Fig. 8.

a Schematic illustration and demonstration of the quasi-solid-state flexible ZAB. b Optical pictures of PANa electrolyte in the original state, tensile state and compression state. c Comparison of water holding ability and d EIS with PANa and PVA electrolytes. e Long-term cycling performance by the use of PANa versus PVA electrolytes at a current density of 5 mA cm⁻². f Cycling performances and g charge–discharge profile of the flexible ZAB under different bending states. h-j Optical pictures of a LED panel and three LED indicators powered by two flexible ZABs connected in series; the batteries in j are in the bending state