Table 4.

Phenotypic associations between task performance and adolescent-limited or continuing alcohol use, respectively.

Measure	Effects of Adolescent Drinking				Effects of Change in Drinking
	Estimate	95% CI	z-statistic	p-value	Estimate	95% CI	z-statistic	p-value
Overall Learning	−0.410	[−0.608 — −0.213]	4.07	<.001	−0.723	[−1.152 — −0.293]	3.30	.001
Learning Over Trials	−0.180	[−0.320 — −0.040]	2.52	.012	−0.405	[−0.722 — −0.087]	2.50	.013
Trial 5 Total	−0.099	[−0.147 — −0.051]	4.02	<.001	−0.160	[−0.271 — −0.049]	2.83	.005
Trial 1 Total	−0.046	[−0.080 — −0.012]	2.69	.007	−0.064	[−0.140 — 0.013]	1.62	.105
Trial B Total	−0.088	[−0.129 — −0.047]	4.17	<.001	−0.091	[−0.184 — 0.002]	1.92	.055
Trial B —Trial 1	−0.042	[−0.083 — 0.000]	1.96	.050	−0.027	[−0.123 — 0.068]	0.56	.573
Immediate Retention	−0.015	[−0.053 — 0.022]	0.80	.422	−0.105	[−0.194 — −0.017]	2.34	.020
Delayed Retention	<0.001	[−0.043 — 0.042]	0.01	.989	−0.048	[−0.145 — 0.050]	0.96	.336

Note: Estimate is the parameter estimate and 95% CI the 95% confidence interval around it, obtained by means of the cluster-robust sandwich estimator of standard errors in svyglm. Parameter estimates are adjusted for any effects of sex and zygosity. In addition, estimates for each drinking measure are adjusted for effects of the other. “Effects of Adolescent Drinking” give associations between task performance measures and cumulative drinking through the age-20 assessment whereas “Effects of Change in Drinking” give associations for the change in drinking between the age-20 and age-29 assessments (the magnitude of increase or decrease) and the same performance measures. The p-value for the effect of adolescent drinking on the Trial B—Trial 1 difference score appears marginally significant but this is due to rounding.