Table 4.
Benchmarked Sample Characteristics, Treatment Feasibility, Treatment Acceptability, and Adherence Outcomes
| Effectiveness Trial (Current Study) | Efficacy Trial #1 (Harned et al., 2014) | Efficacy Trial #2 (Harned et al., 2012) | Effectiveness vs. Efficacy #1 | Effectiveness vs. Efficacy #2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 35) | (n = 17) | (n = 13) | ES | ES | |
| Sample Demographics | |||||
| Age, M (SD) | 29.9 (13.2) | 33.2 (13.1) | 39.4 (11.4) | −0.2 | −0.7* |
| Female | 80.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 0.3* | 0.2 |
| Racial/ethnic minority | 64.7 | 23.5 | 30.8 | 0.4** | 0.3* |
| Sexual minority | 44.1 | 12.5 | 53.8 | 0.3* | 0.1 |
| Highest education high school or less | 60.0 | 17.6 | 38.5 | 0.4** | 0.2 |
| Annual income <$5,000 | 84.8 | 31.3 | 36.4 | 0.5*** | 0.5** |
| Treatment Feasibility and Safety | |||||
| Tx ended due to patient dropout | 28.6 | 41.2 | 23.1 | 0.1 | −0.1 |
| Tx ended for other reasons | 25.7 | 0 | 0 | −0.3* | −0.3* |
| Received one year of treatment | 45.7 | 58.8 | 76.9 | −0.1 | −0.3* |
| Initiated DBT PE | 45.7 | 47.1 | 76.9 | 0.0 | −0.3 |
| Completed DBT PEa | 56.3 | 75.0 | 70.0 | −0.2 | −0.1 |
| # of DBT PE sessionsb, M (SD) | 9.8 (4.2) | 12.7 (2.9) | 13.0 (4.5) | −0.7 | −0.7 |
| Any SIB during DBT PEa | 20.0 | 25.0 | 20.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
| Treatment Acceptability | |||||
| Preference for DBT PE (pre) | 82.9 | 82.4 | 76.9 | 0.0 | 0.1 |
| Patient expectancies (pre), M (SD) | 6.4 (0.6) | 6.4 (0.6) | 6.5 (0.4) | 0.0 | −0.1 |
| Clinician expectancies (pre), M (SD) | 6.2 (0.6) | 6.2 (0.7) | 6.1 (1.4) | 0.0 | 0.1 |
| Patient satisfaction (post)a, M (SD) | 27.2 (3.2) | 27.0 (6.9) | 29.6 (2.4) | 0.0 | −0.8 |
| Treatment Adherence | |||||
| DBT adherence, M (SD) | 3.9 (0.2) | 4.1 (0.2) | - | −0.9*** | - |
| DBT PE adherencea, M (SD) | 2.7 (0.6) | 2.9 (0.2) | - | −0.4 | - |
Note. Data are given as percentages and are based on the intent-to-treat samples unless otherwise indicated. Between-group effect sizes (ES) are Hedge’s g for continuous outcomes and Cohen’s w for categorical outcomes. For Hedge’s g, small effect = 0.2, medium effect = 0.5, large effect = 0.8. For Cohen’s w, small effect = 0.1, medium effect = 0.3, large effect = 0.5. Negative between-group effect sizes indicate poorer outcomes in the current effectiveness trial than in the benchmarked efficacy trial and comparisons were conducted using t-tests for continuous outcomes and chi-squares for categorical outcomes. DBT PE = Dialectical Behavior Therapy Prolonged Exposure protocol. Tx = treatment. SIB = self-injurious behavior.
Among patients who initiated DBT PE.
Among patients who completed DBT PE.
p < .05,
p < .01,
p < .001.