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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Behav Ther. 2020 Jul 21;52(3):523–538. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2020.07.004

Table 4. Path C indirect effects (patient-level)a:

Relationships between therapist behaviors and clinical outcomes (via habituation)

Indirect Effects
Habituation Severity Δ Global Improvement Responder
Therapist Behaviorb Est SE 95% CI Est SE 95% CI Est SE 95% CI Est SE 95% CI
Encourage Approach 1.486 0.627 0.240, 2.732 −2.749 0.433 −3.432, −1.762 −0.416 0.069 −0.522, −0.241 0.802 0.138 0.590, 1.152
Intensify 0.189 1.065 −1.929, 2.306 −0.350 0.735 −1.861, 1.162 −0.053 0.117 −0.297, 0.217 0.102 0.234 −0.385, 0.641
Accommodation −1.646 0.780 −3.198, −0.094 3.045 0.538 2.203, 4.277 0.461 0.086 0.331, 0.680 −0.889 0.172 −1.148, −0.450
Unrelated Talk −1.537 0.511 −2.55, −0.520 2.843 0.353 2.270, 3.642 0.430 0.056 0.342, 0.569 −0.830 0.112 −1.007, −0.552
Externalizing −1.800 0.812 −3.415, −0.185 3.330 0.560 2.446, 4.608 0.504 0.089 0.366, 0.730 −0.972 0.179 −1.247, −0.520
Change Thoughts −0.469 0.884 −2.227, 1.289 0.868 0.610 −0.318, 2.180 0.131 0.097 −0.057, 0.367 −0.253 0.194 −0.631, 0.218
Exposure Teaching 0.956 0.790 −0.616, 2.527 −1.769 0.545 −2.697, −0.535 −0.268 0.087 −0.410, −0.046 0.516 0.174 0.231, 0.960
Durationc 0.010 0.001 0.008, 0.011 −0.019 0.001 −0.020, −0.017 −0.003 0.000 −0.003, −0.003 0.005 0.000 0.005, 0.006
a

N = 86 patients;

b

Est. proportion of time per patient (of est. duration for each patient);

c

duration excluding time during exposure that followed an instance of habituation

p < .05; higher proportion of behavior or duration associated with less desirable clinical outcome

p < .05; higher proportion of behavior or duration associated with more desirable clinical outcome