Table 2.
Characteristics of patients according to the 4 groups based on HBP levels.
| Hypertension Status (n) | Normal HBP Group (152) | Isolated High HSBP Group (83) | Isolated High HDBP Group (30) | High HBP Group (159) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male/female | 74/78 | 40/43 | 19/11 | 95/64 |
| Age (y) | 64 (58–70) | 69 (63–75) | 60 (45–65) | 63 (58–70) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.1 (20.9–24.1) | 22.5 (21.2–24.7) | 23.8 (21.7–26.1) | 24.0 (21.8–26.4) |
| Mean morning systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 115.5 (107.7–119.0 | 133.3 (128.8–139.6) | 120.0 (116.9–122.2) | 139.0 (132.2–146.1) |
| Mean morning diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 66.3 (62.6–69.0) | 69.4 (64.8–72.1) | 77.2 (76.4–81.6) | 81.6 (77.9–86.7) |
| Mean evening systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 112.9 (107.6–119.3) | 129.6 (123.6–136.3) | 118.4 (114.7–123.5) | 131.1 (123.7–140.1) |
| Mean evening diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 62.9 (58.7–67.2) | 63.5 (60.0–67.6) | 74.3 (70.9–77.6) | 75.1 (70.4–80.6) |
| Clinic systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 124.1 (114.5–134.8) | 141.3 (134.8–151.2) | 126.8 (119.0–143.3) | 140.7 (130.6–153.0) |
| Clinic diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 71.7 (65.8–76.0) | 71.7 (65.6–77.7) | 82.3 (78.3–92.0) | 83.0 (78.7–86.7) |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 6.5 (6.2–7.1) | 6.8 (6.2–7.5) | 6.4 (6.0–6.8) | 6.7 (6.2–7.3) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 188.5 (164.8–211.5) | 192 (170.5–206) | 189 (167–209) | 191 (175–216) |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.67 (0.55–0.80) | 0.69 (0.55–0.85) | 0.70 (0.62–0.78) | 0.70 (0.58–0.83) |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.732) | 77.8 (64.0–95.0) | 71.1 (58.0–85.0) | 84.5 (76.0–96.8) | 75.0 (64.3–86.0) |
| baPWV (cm/sec) | 1584 (1411–1858) | 1844 (1645–2059) | 1491 (1281–2150) | 1726 (1509–1995) |
| Smoking status (never/past/current) | 89/42/20 | 45/16/21 | 19/7/4 | 85/42/27 |
| Alcohol drinking (never/social/everyday) | 97/34/20 | 53/9/20 | 16/8/6 | 69/35/49 |
| Retinopathy (NDR/SDR/PDR) | 120/13/13 | 52/18/10 | 24/4/1 | 124/19/8 |
| Neuropathy (−/+) | 111/41 | 57/25 | 28/1 | 120/37 |
| Macrovascular complication (−/+) | 131/21 | 68/15 | 29/1 | 139/20 |
| Antihypertensive medication (−/+) | 103/49 | 39/44 | 22/8 | 68/91 |
| RAS (−/+) | 116/36 | 43/40 | 23/7 | 85/73 |
HBP, home blood pressure; HSBP, home systolic blood pressure; HDBP, home diastolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glemerular filtration rate; baPWV, brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity; NDR, no diabetic retinopathy; SDR, simple diabetic retinopathy; PDR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy; −, without; +, with. For categorical variables, n is presented. For continuous variables, median (interquartile range) is presented.