Table 2.
Comparisons of TSK-11 scores and categories between patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and patients without PD (matched-paired control)s.
| Outcome Measurements | Total Group (n = 124) |
Cases Mean ± SD (n = 62) |
Controls (n = 62) |
p-Value (Cases vs. Controls) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TSK-11 Category * | Fear of movement | No | 9 (7.3%) | 0 (0%) | 9 (14.5%) | <0.001 * |
| Slight | 33 (26.6%) | 14 (22.6%) | 19 (30.6 %) | |||
| Moderate | 60 (48.4%) | 27 (43.5%) | 33 (53.2%) | |||
| Severe | 19 (15.3%) | 18 (29 %) | 1 (1.6 %) | |||
| Maximum | 3 (2.4%) | 3 (4.8%) | 0 (0 %) | |||
| TSK scores | 26.56 ± 5.96 (11–41) | 29.21 ± 5.49 (18–41) | 23.90 ± 5.21 (11–35) | <0.001 † | ||
* TSK-11, Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia. Frequency, percentage (%) and Chi-squared test (χ2) were utilized. TSK-11 category were divided as follows: (1) 11 to 17 points: no fear of movement, (2) 18 to 24 points: slight fear of movement, (3) 25 to 31 points: moderate fear of movement, (4) 32 to 38 points: severe fear of movement, (5) 39 to 44 points: máximum fear of movement. †, TSK-11 scores, Median ± interquartile range, range (min–max) and Mann–Whitney U test were used. In all the analyses, p < 0.05 (with a 95% confidence interval) was considered statistically significant (bold).