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. 2021 Apr 28;22(9):4614. doi: 10.3390/ijms22094614

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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In vitro antioxidant effects of TA-CaCO₃. (a) Representative fluorescence images of intracellular ROS in chondrocytes treated with extracts containing different concentrations of 1:75 TA-CaCO₃ for 24 h after pretreatment with 300 μM of H₂O₂ for 30 min. Scale bar: 20 μm. (b) Viability of chondrocytes treated with different concentrations of 1:75 TA-CaCO₃ for 24 h after pretreatment with 300 μM of H₂O₂ for 30 min. Results are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 5). ** p < 0.01 and * p < 0.05.