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. 2021 Apr 29;22(9):4692. doi: 10.3390/ijms22094692

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Deep TMS treatment effects on bodyweight and norepinephrine levels in the three groups. (a) Treatment effects on bodyweight. Bodyweight variation between baseline and following the 5-week treatment is shown for all groups (HF, high frequency 18 Hz; LF, low frequency 1 Hz; sham). The panel presents the average percent variations (mean% ± SEM) in bodyweight after the 5-week treatment (HF: −4.1 ± 0.8%, LF: −1.9 ± 0.8%, sham: −1.3 ± 0.6%, * p = 0.042). Analysis revealed a significant decrease in bodyweight in HF compared to the other two groups (* p = 0.042). (b) Treatment effects on norepinephrine. Norepinephrine variation between baseline and following the 5-week treatment is shown for all groups (HF, high frequency 18 Hz; LF, low frequency 1 Hz; sham). The panel presents the average percent variation (mean% ± SEM) in norepinephrine levels compared to baseline. Analysis revealed a significant decrease in norepinephrine in HF (−61.5 ± 15.2% vs. baseline, p = 0.007) and, although smaller, in LF (−31.8 ± 17.1% vs. baseline, p = 0.041). Comparing norepinephrine variation percentages between groups, no significant differences were found. Statistical analysis was performed using the two-tailed t-test. Legend: SEM = standard error of the mean; * p < 0.05.