AFWE and IO both confirm the regulatory role of PKC and MAPK signaling in IVL expression. (A) Western blot analysis of PKC and MAPK (pP38/p38, ERK 1/2) signaling pathway-related proteins expression. (B) Fold change of PKC, MAPK (pP38, ERK 1/2) signaling pathway-related proteins compared to control group. (C) Western blot analysis of PKC protein expression after treatment with PKC inhibitor (Go 6976, 2 μM) (a) and fold change (b) compared to control group. (D) Western blot analysis of P38 and p-P38 protein expression after treatment with P38 inhibitor (SB 203580, 10 μM) (a) and fold change (b) compared to control group. (E) Western blot analysis of ERK and p-ERK protein expression after treatment with ERK inhibitor (U0126, 10 μM) (a) and fold change (b) compared to the control group. NCtr is control, IO; Isoorientin (5 µm), and AFWE is A. vera flower water extracts at 5 µg/mL. Treatment was carried out in normal condition. Each value represents the mean ± SEM of triplicate experiments. (*) p < 0.05 and (**) p < 0.01, (***) p < 0.001 compared to inhibitor group and and (#) p < 0.05 and (##) p < 0.01, (###) p < 0.001 compared to control group.