Table 2.

Known phenotypes associated with the most common dys-1 models.

Class of Phenotype	dys-1(cx18)	dys-1(cx18;hlh-1)	dys-1(eg33)
Locomotion	Exaggerated body bends, hyperactive, hypercontracted, overbent, swimming defective and burrowing defective [11,20,21,22,23].	Exaggerated body bends, hyperactive, hypercontracted, overbent and swimming defective [24,25].	Exaggerated body bends, hyperactive, hypercontracted, overbent, swimming defective and burrowing defective [11,12,22,23,26].
Muscle structure	Very little muscle degeneration [20].	Severe muscle degeneration [24].	Severe muscle degeneration [13].
Response to neuromuscular agents	Aldicarb hypersensitive, levamisole resistant [11,20].	ND	Levamisole resistant [11].
Mitochondria structure and function	Minor fragmentation of the mitochondria network, moderate depolarisation of mitochondrial membrane, no change in basal oxygen consumption rate [11].	Severe fragmentation of the mitochondria network [27].	Severe fragmentation of the mitochondria network, severe depolarisation of the mitochondrial membrane, elevated basal oxygen consumption rate [11,12].
Life span	Shortened life span [13,28].	ND	Shortened life span [12,13,28].
Egg laying	No defect noted [20].	Egg laying defect [24].	ND
Strength	Not detectably weaker than WT [11].	ND	Significant weakness detected compared to WT [11,12].