Figure 3.

The association between concentrations of the heavy metals and brain volume, corrected by dividing by creatinine. We found (a) negative associations between Pb/As concentrations and frontal lobe volume, between As concentration and cingulate volume, and between Pb/Cd concentrations and left calcarine volume. In the association between concentrations of the heavy metals and brain volume, corrected by using creatinine as a covariate, we found (b) negative associations between Cd/As concentrations and frontal lobe volume, between Pb/Cd concentrations and left calcarine volume, and between As concentration and cerebellum volume.