Table 1.
Summary of clinical effects of EO inhalation on depression/anxiety disorders in human studies.
| EO(s) Scientific Name (Common Name) |
Author (Year) | Results | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lavandula | |||
| Lavandula angustifolia (Lavender) | Burnett et al. (2004) | Anxiolytic effect | [8] |
| Lehrner et al. (2005) | Reduced anxiety; positive effect on mood; higher level of calmness | [18] | |
| Fayazi et al. (2011) | Anxiolytic effect | [17] | |
| Senturk et al. (2018) | Anxiolytic effect | [19] | |
| Karan et al. (2019) | Blood pressure control; anxiolytic effect; respiratory relaxation | [12] | |
| Ebrahimi et al. (2021) | Antidepressant effect; anxiolytic effect; reduced stress | [20] | |
| Citrus | |||
| Citrus sinensis (Sweet orange) | Lehrner et al. (2005) | Anxiolytic effect; positive effect on mood | [18] |
| Goes et al. (2012) | Anxiolytic effect | [21] | |
| Citrus junos (Yuzu) | Matsumoto et al. (2014) | Anxiolytic effect; antidepressant effect | [22] |
| Citrus bergamia (Bergamot) | Watanabe et al. (2015) | Reduced salivary cortisol level | [23] |
| Matricaria | |||
| Matricaria chamomilla (Chamomile) | McKay et al. (2006) | Antidepressant effect; anxiolytic effect | [24] |
| Ebrahimi et al. (2021) | Antidepressant effect; anxiolytic effect; reduced stress | [20] | |
| Salvia | |||
| Salvia rosmarinus (Rosemary) | Burnett et al. (2004) | Anxiolytic effect | [8] |
| Salvia officinalis (Sage) | Muss et al. (2010 | Positive effect on mood | [25] |
| Salvia lavandulaefolia (Spanish sage) | Muss et al. (2010) | Positive effect on mood | [25] |
| Mixture | |||
| Lavandula angustifolia (Lavender) + Rosa damascena (Damascus Rose) | Conrad et al. (2012) | Anxiolytic effect; antidepressant effect | [26] |
| Lavandula angustifolia (Lavender) Cananga odorata (Ylang-ylang) + Citrus aurantium (Neroli) | Song et al. (2017) | Anxiolytic effect | [27] |