Table 1.

Main results and characteristics of selected studies.

ID- Article	Authors and Year	Sample	Origin of Study	Assessment Objective	Instruments	Results
1.	Robertson C.L., Halcon L., Savik K., Johnson D., (2006) [49]	N = 458 (M = 200; F = 258)	Somalia and South Central Ethiopia	PTSD (Trauma and Torture)	PCL-C	High levels of PTSD symptoms were found in women with many children.
2.	Reedwood-Campbell L., Thind H., Howard M., (2008) [50]	N = 85 F	Kosovo	PTSD	HTQ	A fourth of the population scored high in PTSD.
3.	Vojvoda D., Weine S.M., McGlashan T. (2008) [51]	N = 21 (M = 12; F = 9)	Bosnia	PTSD	PSS	Scores for PTSD severity were higher in women. A significant difference was observed at the three-and-a-half-year follow-up point.
4.	Johnson K., Scott J., Rughita B. (2010) [52]	N = 998 (405 M; 593 F)	Democratic Republic of Congo	PTSD (Sexual violence)	PSS-I	The results showed that 50.1% of the population met the criteria of PTSD, with the highest scores being among women, and 70.2% of them met criteria based on experiences of sexual violence, with scores being higher among women.
5.	Schalinski L., Elbert T., Schauer M. (2011) [53]	N = 53 F	Democratic Republic of Congo	PTSD and disassociation	PSS-I	Thirty-six subjects met all the criteria for PTSD and sexual assault was the most frequent traumatic event. The greater the disassociation and the higher the number of traumatic events, the greater the severity of PTSD.
6.	Ssenyonga J., Owens V., Olema D.K. (2012) [54]	N = 89 (M = 33; F = 56)	Democratic Republic of Congo	PTSD	PSD	Forty-four subjects suffered PTSD, of which 33 were women who scored higher than men in intrusion, evasion, and hyper-activation symptoms and in general severity of PTSD.
7.	Morof D.F., Sami S., Mangeni M (2014) [55]	N= 117 F	Democratic Republic of Congo and Somalia	PTSD (sexual and/or physical violence)	HTQ	Eighty-three women had PTSD symptoms (71% of the population).
8.	Schalinski I., Moran J., Schauer M… (2014) [56]	N = 50 F (PTSD = 33; NO PTSD = 17)	Far and Middle East, The Balkans, Africa and India	PTSD and Disassociation	CAPS; Shut- D; IAPS.	Patients with PTSD displayed intrusive memories, while the control group (NO PTSD) did not report having such memories. The women with the most severe PTSD symptoms displayed greater disassociation.
9.	Alpak G., Unal A. Bulbul F., (2015) [57]	N = 352 (M = 179; F = 173)	Syria and Turkey	PTSD	DSM-IV-TR	One hundred and eighteen of the participants were diagnosed with PTSD. Eleven of them suffered from acute PTSD, 105 from chronic PTSD and 2 from late onset PTSD.
10.	Haldane J, Nickerson A. (2016) [58]	N = 91 (M = 60; F = 31)	Iran, Sri Lanka; Afghanistan and Iraq	PTSD (impact of gender in interpersonal non-interpersonal traumatic experiences)	HTQ	A significant relation was found between non-interpersonal trauma and symptoms of PTSD. In women, a relation was observed between PTSD symptoms and traumatic interpersonal events, while in men the significant association was between PTSD symptoms and non-interpersonal traumatic events.
11.	Rometsch-Ogioun C., Denkinger J.K., Windthorst P., … (2018) [42]	-	Northern Iraq (Yazidí women)	Factors related with past histories of trauma.	Questionnaire designed by psychologists and psychologists	The psychological symptoms identified as particularly significant were nightmares, insomnia and depression.
12.	Mhlongo M.D., Tomita A., Thela L. (2018) [59]	N = 157	Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, Mozambique, Ruanda, Uganda, Malawi and Zimbabwe.	Relation between experience of traumatic event and PTSD.	LEC; HTQ	Exposure to a higher number of traumatic events was associated with a higher likelihood to be at risk for PTSD. Exposure to sexual trauma was associated with a higher likelihood to be at risk for PTSD in women.