| AIDS | Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
| AUC | Area under curve |
| ID | Bacterial-infected patients not infected with COVID-19 |
| COVID-19 | Coronavirus disease 2019 |
| CP | COVID-19 patients associated with pneumonia |
| CV | COVID-19 patients with mild clinical symptoms |
| ELISA | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| FAV | Favipiravir |
| FL-Gal9 | Full-length Gal-9 |
| FL-OPN | Full-length osteopontin |
| FIO2 | Fraction of inspired oxygen |
| Gal-9 | Galectin-9 |
| HC | Healthy controls |
| IL-6 | Interleukin-6 |
| ICU | Intensive care unit |
| MMP | Matrix metalloproteinase |
| OPN | Osteopontin |
| SpO2 | Peripheral capillary oxygen saturation |
| ROC | Receiver Operating Characteristic |
| S/F | SpO2/FiO2 ratio |
| sIL-2R | Soluble interleukin-2 receptor α |
| CRP | Tuberculosis TB C-reactive protein |
| Tr-Gal9 | Truncated form of Gal-9 |
| Ud-OPN | Undefined osteopontin |
| B2M | Urinary β2 microglobulin |
| TCZ | Tocilizumab |
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