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. 2021 May 10;13(9):2281. doi: 10.3390/cancers13092281

Figure 2.

Figure 2

The effect of molecules released by adipose tissue on melanoma cells. Adipocytes secreted factors that interact with their receptors and affect tumor progression via different pathways. Abbreviations: ObR—leptin receptor, AdipoR1—adiponectin receptor 1, AdipoR2—adiponectin receptor 2, TLR4—toll-like receptor 4, CAP1—adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1, PKA—protein kinase A, MAPK—mitogen-activated protein kinase, FASN—fatty acid synthase, Hsp90—heat shock protein 90, Akt—protein kinase B, iNOS—nitric oxide synthase, COX-2—cyclooxygenase-2, VEGF—vascular endothelial growth factor, CRT2—calreticulin 2, CRT3—calreticulin 3, E2F2—E2F transcription factor 2, SIRT1—sirtuin 1, NFκB—nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, Cas3—caspase 3, PI3K—phosphoinositide 3-kinase, ROS—reactive oxygen species, IL-6—interleukin-6, IL-8—inter-leukin-8, SOD—superoxide dismutase, CAT—catalase, GSH-Px—glutathione peroxidase, MITF—microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, TNF—tumor necrosis factor, TGFβ—transforming growth factor β, SMARCA4—SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A member 5, KLF4—Kruppel-like factor 4, NUCB2—nucleobindin 2, Cav1—caveolin 1, P-gp—P-glycoprotein, IKKα/β—nuclear factor kappa—β kinase subunit α/β, IκBα—inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B, MT1-MMP—membrane type 1-matrix metalloprotease, MMP-2—matrix metalloprotease-2, NIK—nuclear factor inducing kinase, MEKK1—mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1, JNK—c-Jun-N-terminal kinase, AP-1—activator protein-1, MMP-9—matrix metalloprotease-9, N-cadherin—neural cadherin, SPARC—secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine, E-cadherin—epithelial cad-herin, TNFα-tumor necrosis factor α, IFNγ—interferon γ, LIF—leukemia inhibitory factor, PAI-1—plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, IL-6R—Interleukin-6 receptor, TNFR—tumor necrosis factor receptor, INFR1—interferon receptor 1, INFR2—interferon receptor 2, LIFR—leukemia inhibitory factor receptor, TβRI—transforming growth factor β receptor I, TβRII—transforming growth factor β receptor II, LRP—low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein, JAK2—Janus kinase 2, STAT3—signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, AP-1—activator protein-1, IL-32—interleukin 32, ERK1/2—extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, BMP-4—bone morphogenetic protein 4, BMP-7—bone morphogenetic protein 7, FAK—focal adhesion kinase, ECM—extracellular matrix.