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. 2021 May 13;38(11):1535–1550. doi: 10.1089/neu.2020.7575

FIG. 4.

FIG. 4.

Treatment with exosomes significantly increases angiogenesis after traumatic brain injury (TBI). 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine/endothelial barrier antigen (BrdU/EBA+) staining was performed for detection of newly generated endothelial cells at day 35 after TBI in the cortex and dentate gyrus (DG). Representative images (A–D) from the ipsilateral cortex show BrdU+ (red) /EBA+ (green) newborn endothelial cells (white arrows). Both Exo-empty (C) and Exo-17-92 (D) treatments administered intravenously 24 h after TBI promoted angiogenesis in the cortex compared with Vehicle treatment (B). Compared with the Exo-empty, Exo-17-92 exhibited significantly better effects on increasing angiogenesis in the cortex and DG (E). Scale bars = 100 μm (D). Quantitative data shown in bar graph (E) represent mean ± standard deviation. N = 8/group. Color image is available online.