Table 1.
Infant characteristics and clinical information.
|
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) group (n = 15) Mean ± SD or n (%) |
Control group (n = 15) Mean ± SD or n (%) |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gestational age (weeks) | 30.2 ± 1.2 | 30.1 ± 1.9 | 0.92 |
| Birth weight (kg) | 1.46 ± 0.32 | 1.36 ± 0.37 | 0.41 |
| Sex (male) | 9 (60) | 9 (60) | 1.0 |
| Delivery mode (vaginal) | 7 (46.7) | 8 (53.3) | 1.0 |
| Feeding pattern | |||
| First stool (ambrosia/formula) | 7/8 | 7/8 | |
| Second stool (exclusive/mixed breastfeeding) | 1/7 | 1/14 | |
| Apgar score-−5 min | 6.4 ± 1.7 | 6.3 ± 1.3 | 0.68 |
| Probiotics | 11 (73.3) | 9 (60) | 0.70 |
| Clostridium butyricum | 8 | 5 | |
| Bifidobacterium | 1 | 0 | |
| Combined probiotics | 2 | 4 | |
| Use of antibiotics (days) | 14.4 ± 6.8 | 9.7 ± 6.2 | 0.12 |
| Sulbenicillin, ceftriaxone, cefepime, meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam | Sulbenicillin, cefoperazone, cefepime, vancomycin, piperacillin-tazobactam | ||
| Premature rupture of membranes | 2 (13.3) | 5 (33.3) | 0.39 |
| Received surfactant | 10 (66.7) | 10 (66.7) | 1.0 |
| Received antenatal steroids | 11 (73.3) | 10 (66.7) | 1.0 |
| Received antenatal antibiotics | 1 (6.7) | 2 (13.3) | 1.0 |
| Maternal factors | |||
| Gestational hypertension | 5 (33.3) | 4 (33.3) | 1.0 |
| Gestational diabetes | 2 (13.3) | 2 (13.3) | 1.0 |
Mean ± SD, mean ± standard deviation.
The duration of antibiotic use in the NEC group was before NEC diagnosis.