Table 2.

Different types of artifacts in optical coherence tomography angiography images.

Type of artifact		Definition
Motion	Blink	End-to-end black band
		Displacement	Waviness or discontinuity of the retinal vessels
		Doubling	Duplication of vessels
		Stretch	Stretched vessels or presence of linear bands at the edge of OCTA image (edge duplication)
		Quilting (Crisscross)	Rectangular or checker-board pattern
Band		Bands with various brightness
Segmentation		Retinal boundaries Misidentification
Projection		Presence of false flow in the avascular area
Projection removal		Traces left in the deeper layer after the removal of projected superficial vessels
Masking		Light blockage
Unmasking		Light hyper-transmission
Shadow		Ghost image of the superficial retinal vessels on the deeper layer
Z offset (out of window)		Vertical misaligned B-scans on the screen
Tilt		More than 50% of B scans are not focused clearly
Refraction shift		differing reflectivity of adjacent B-scans (probably the same as banding artifact)
Decentration		Not well-centered on the macula
Defocus		Whole B cans are not focused well
Suspended scattering particles in motion (SSPiM)		extra-vascular OCTA signals corresponding to hyperreflective intraretinal fluid
Fringe washout		Dark appearance of choroidal vessels