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. 2020 Dec 9;6(2):e10201. doi: 10.1002/btm2.10201

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Representative examples of different in‐vitro and on‐body sensing approaches to measure diabetes‐related biomarkers. (a) Self‐monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) meter. Reprinted by permission from Reference 112. (b) Schematic illustration of the working principle of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method for analyzing protein biomarkers. (c) Dual‐analyte glucose‐insulin (G/I) detection chip. Copyright (2019) Wiley. Used with permission from Reference 70, John Wiley and Sons. (d) Free CGM, Dexcom G6. Reproduced by permission from Dexcom, 75 Copyright (2020). (e) Microneedle‐based glucose monitoring system by Biolinq. Reprinted by permission from Biolinq, 84 Copyright (2020). (f) Microneedle‐based CKM coupled with CGM. Reprinted from American Chemical Society, 85 Copyright (2020). (g) Tattoo‐based noninvasive glucose monitoring. Reprinted by permission from American Chemical Society, 91 Copyright (2020). Further permissions related to the material excerpted should be directed to the ACS. (h) Fully‐integrated wristband sensor consisting of glucose, lactate, sodium, potassium, and temperature sensors. Reprinted by permission from Springer Nature: Nature, 98 Copyright (2016). (i) Epidermal tattoo‐based patch for simultaneous measurement of interstitial fluid (ISF) glucose and sweat alcohol. Reprinted from John Wiley and Sons, 99 Copyright (2018). (j) NovioSense tear glucose sensor. Reprinted by permission from References 105, 113. Further permissions related to the material excerpted should be directed to the ACS. (k) Cortisol sensor patch based on laser‐engraved graphene electrodes for analyzing cortisol in sweat. Reprinted from Reference 106, Copyright (2020), with permission from Elsevier. (l) Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) recognition‐based cortisol patch for analyzing cortisol in sweat. Reprinted from Reference 107. Copyright The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY‐NC). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by‐nc/4.0/