Inhibition and treatment by AuNPs in conjugation with various molecules.

S. No	Characteristics	Target	AuNP size (nm)	Molecules used	Ref.
1	Inhibition of 2G12/gp120 interaction	2G12	1.8 nm	Man9GlcNAc2 clusters of gp120	110
2	Inhibitory effects on HIV-1 RT	HIV-1 RT	13 nm	HIV-1 RT aptamers	116
3	Inhibitory effects against X4-HIV-1 and R5-HIV-1 isolates	HIV-1 isolates	3–3.6 nm	HSGn(SO3−)m	125
4	Inhibited replication of HIV-1 by RAL	HIV-1	1.8 ± 0.32 nm	AuNP–TAMRA and AuNP–glucose	92
5	Mucosal permeation for EGNz was higher than manEGNz	gp120	10.2 nm	EGNz, manEGNz, EFV	117
6	Neuroprotection and neurodegeneration by galectin-1	Infiltrate leukocytes	19.1 nm	Au-Gal-1	124
7	Inhibition of antiviral activity and p24 antigen	p24	2–10 nm	AuNPs and pegylated AuNPs	100