Figure 3.
Sex-dependent developmental programming of trophoblast elongation at day 15 of pregnancy by actions of CSF2 from day 5 to 7 of development. Panel A: Embryo length and accumulation of IFNT in uterine flushing. Panel B: Venn diagram illustrating relationship between differentially methylated probes of DNA isolated from trophoblast. Note that a large proportion of probes regulated by CSF2 in either females or males are also differentially methylated between female and male embryos. The figure is reproduced from ref. 86.