Fig. 2.

Schematic overview of the proposed accelerated free-breathing 3D coronary CMRA acquisition with sub-millimeter isotropic resolution. 1 Coronary CMRA acquisition is performed with an undersampled 3D variable density spiral-like Cartesian trajectory with golden angle between spiral-like interleaves (VD-CASPR), preceded by 2D image navigators (iNAV) to allow for 100% scan efficiency and beat-to-beat translational respiratory-induced motion correction of the heart. 2 Foot-head respiratory signal is estimated from the 2D iNAVs and used to assign the acquired data into 5 respiratory bins and translation-corrected respiratory bins. Subsequent reconstruction of each bin is performed using soft-gated iterative SENSE and 3D non-rigid motion fields are then estimated from the 5 reconstructed datasets. 3 The final 3D whole-heart motion-corrected CMRA image is obtained using PROST non-rigid motion-compensated reconstruction. CMRA-Coronary cardiovascular magnetic resonance angiography; PROST-Patch-based undersampled reconstruction