Table 1.
Socio-demographic characteristic of Iranian students and their relationship with mental health (n = 280)
| Characteristics | N (%)* | Mental health Mean (SD) |
P | Characteristics | N (%)* | Mental health Mean (SD) |
P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 0.501† | Mother’s education | 0.869‡ | ||||
| Lower than 22 | 160 (57.1) | 26.0 (12.0) | Illiterate | 16 (5.7) | 25.9 (11.7) | ||
| 22 and more | 120 (42.9) | 27.1 (13.0) | Primary | 31(11.1) | 25.0 (12.6) | ||
| Gender | 0.401† | Secondary | 33 (11.8) | 28.3 (13.4) | |||
| Male | 122 (43.6) | 26.5 (13.1) | High school | 74 (26.4) | 27.0 (12.9) | ||
| Female | 158 (56.4) | 26.6 (12.1) | University | 125 (45.0) | 26.3 (12.2) | ||
| Educational grade | 0.749† | Father’s education | 0.545‡ | ||||
| Bachelor | 167(59.6) | 26.7 (12.4) | Illiterate | 5 (1.8) | 35.2 (17.07) | ||
| Doctorate | 108(38.6) | 26.5 (12.9) | Primary | 25 (8.9) | 23.8 (11.7) | ||
| Smoking | 0.003† | Secondary | 24 (8.6) | 26.0 (11.5) | |||
| Yes | 22 (7.9) | 34.1 (15.4) | High school | 3(1.1) | 27.6 (7.6) | ||
| No | 258 (92.1) | 25.9 (12.1) | Diploma | 76 (27.1) | 27.5 (11.7) | ||
| Hookah | 0.228† | University | 147 (52.5) | 26.3 (13.2) | |||
| Yes | 23 (8.2) | 25.7 (11.1) | Father’s occupation | 0.277‡ | |||
| No | 257 (91.8) | 26.6 (12.7) | Unemployed | 8 (2.9) | 32.1 (16.8) | ||
| Smoking duration (Month) | 0.217‡ | Worker | 5 (1.8) | 19.6 (8.1) | |||
| < 12 | 14 (5) | 29.4 (13.3) | Employee | 72 (25.7) | 25.05 (12.7) | ||
| 12–36 | 6 (2.1) | 27.6 (13.1) | Physician | 16 (507) | 27.4 (11.5) | ||
| > 36 | 7 (2.5) | 39.5 (14) | Freelance | 172 (61.4) | 26.8 (12.3) | ||
| Number of family members | 0.343‡ | Number of child in family | 0.177‡ | ||||
| ≤ 3 | 43 (15.4) | 25.7 (13.2) | 1 | 21 (7.5) | 24.5 (12.9) | ||
| 4 | 146 (52.1) | 27.8 (12.8) | 2 | 151 (53.9) | 27.9 (12.7) | ||
| 5 | 51 (18.2) | 25.4 (12.9) | 3 | 57 (20.4) | 26.1 (13.0) | ||
| ≥ 6 | 40 (14.3) | 24.2 (9.8) | ≥ 4 | 51 (18.2) | 23.8 (10.9) | ||
| Employed with education | 0.002† | Birth order in family | 0.787‡ | ||||
| Yes | 60 (21.4) | 30.03 (13.1) | 1 | 133 (47.5) | 27.3 (13.3) | ||
| No | 220 (78.6) | 25.6 (12.2) | 2 | 87 (31.1) | 25.8 (11.3) | ||
| Mothers occupation | 0.228† | 3 | 29 (10.4) | 25.4 (13.1) | |||
| Employed | 89 (31.8) | 28.2 (13.6) | ≥ 4 | 29 (10.4) | 26.3 (12.6) | ||
| Housewife | 191(68.2) | 25.8 (11.9) | Adequacy of income for family expenses | 0.238‡ | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.003‡ | Adequate | 73 (26.1) | 26.3 (12.5) | |||
| Underweight (< 18.5) | 17 (6.1) | 24.9 (8.2) | Fairly adequate | 167 (58.6) | 25.9 (12.4) | ||
| Normal (18.5–24.9) | 187 (66.8) | 25 (11.2) | Inadequate | 43 (15.4) | 26.6 (12.6) | ||
| Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 64 (22.9) | 30.0 (15.5) | |||||
| Obese (≥ 30) | 9(3.2) | 36.3 (13.5) | |||||
*Number (Percent)
†Independent t-test
‡One Way ANOVA