Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of the study population
| Covariate | Control | Non-ICU | ICU without EI | ICU with EI | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 11 (61.11) | 13 (37.14) | 16 (66.67) | 9 (47.37) | 0.117 |
| Female | 7 (38.89) | 22 (62.86) | 8 (33.33) | 10 (52.63) | |
| Age | |||||
| ≤60 | 10 (55.56) | 12 (34.29) | 11 (45.83) | 4 (21.05) | 0.141 |
| >60 | 8 (44.44) | 23 (65.71) | 13 (54.17) | 15 (78.95) | |
| Education | |||||
| Illiterate | 1 (5.56) | 13 (37.14) | 1 (4.17) | 14 (73.68) | <0.001∗ |
| Under diploma | 1 (5.56) | 13 (37.14) | 2 (8.33) | 3 (15.79) | |
| Diploma | 3 (16.67) | 5 (14.29) | 14 (58.33) | 1 (5.26) | |
| University | 13 (72.22) | 4 (11.43) | 7 (29.17) | 1 (5.26) | |
| Job | |||||
| Unemployed | 3 (16.67) | 22 (62.86) | 1 (4.17) | 14 (73.68) | <0.001 |
| Employed | 15 (83.33) | 13 (37.14) | 23 (95.83) | 5 (26.32) | |
| Residence | |||||
| City | 17 (94.44) | 29 (82.86) | 10 (41.67) | 7 (36.84) | <0.001 |
| Village | 1 (5.56) | 6 (17.14) | 14 (58.33) | 12 (63.16) | |
| Smoking | |||||
| No | 17 (100.00) | 31 (88.57) | 20 (83.33) | 17 (89.47) | 0.435∗ |
| Yes | 0 (.00) | 4 (11.43) | 4 (16.67) | 2 (10.53) | |
| Opiate | |||||
| No | 18 (100.00) | 33 (94.29) | 21 (87.50) | 18 (94.74) | 0.450∗ |
| Yes | 0 (.00) | 2 (5.71) | 3 (12.50) | 1 (5.26) | |
| Fever | |||||
| No | — | 28 (80.00) | 7 (29.17) | 7 (36.84) | <0.001 |
| Yes | — | 7 (20.00) | 17 (70.83) | 12 (63.16) | |
| Length of hospitalisation | |||||
| ≤1 week | — | 34 (100.00) | 19 (79.17) | 2 (10.53) | <0.001 |
| >1 week | — | 0 (.00) | 5 (20.83) | 17 (89.47) | |
| SpO2 | |||||
| <88 | — | 0 (.00) | 2 (8.33) | 10 (52.63) | <0.001∗ |
| 88-90 | — | 20 (57.14) | 13 (54.17) | 6 (31.58) | |
| >90 | — | 15 (42.86) | 9 (37.50) | 3 (15.79) | |
| Outcome | |||||
| Alive | — | 35 (100.00) | 18 (75.00) | 4 (21.05) | <0.001 |
| Dead | — | 0 (.00) | 6 (25.00) | 15 (78.95) | |
Without star: Chi-square test.
With star: Fisher exact test.