Figure 1.

(A) Schematic for single-cell gel coating using the tip-streaming mode. For encapsulation with alginate gel, the alginate solution is cross-linked by releasing of premixed Ca-EDTA complex using acetic acid. For encapsulation with collagen gel, the droplets were incubated at 37 °C for 30 minutes to induce gelation. Encapsulation of NorHA hydrogel was performed by photo-crosslinking of the NorHA precursor solution with UV exposure (10 mW/cm², 365 nm). (B) Snapshots of an MDA-MB-231 cell being ejected through “tip streaming” in alginate solution at high (300kHz) and low (1kHz) frequency.