Fig. 3. Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in relation to T cell responses and post-infectious clinical status.
(A to C) Antibody responses in convalescent donors (n = 51) at T1 and T2 for anti-S1 IgG (A) and IgA (B) or anti-nucleocapsid (C) antibodies. Donors with negative or borderline responses are marked in white or grey, respectively. Box plots are shown. P values were calculated using a Wilcoxon signed rank test. Ab, antibody. (D to F) Waterfall plots show change of anti-S1 IgG (D) and IgA (E) ratios or anti-nucleocapsid antibody titers (F) from T1 to T2 (Δ = T2-T1). Donors with post-infectious symptoms are marked in orange. (G) Heatmap of COVID-19 symptom scores (SC) and post-infectious symptoms, intensities of T cell responses to different EC (color gradient green) and antibody responses (color gradient purple) at T1 and T2 in individual donors (group A, n = 29). UDN, uniform donor number; Sym, symptoms; Spec, SARS-CoV-2-specific EC; Cross, cross-reactive EC; α-nuc, anti-nucleocapsid; α-spi, anti-spike; *, donors with borderline response. (H) Anti-S1 IgG and IgA ratios and anti-nucleocapsid titers at T2. (I) ΔT2-T1 of respective antibody responses. (J) Intensity of T cell responses at T2 and (K) ΔT2-T1 of intensity to SARS-CoV-2-specific EC restricted to HLA class I (n = 21) or HLA-DR (n = 29) and cross-reactive EC restricted to HLA class I (n = 11) or HLA-DR (n = 29). Data presented as box plots. P values were calculated using Mann-Whitney U tests.