Table 2.
Modelled metrics used as surrogates for the original HWBI ecosystem services metrics used in developing services to domains regression models (Summers et al. 2016).
| HWBI Service Indicator | Original HWBI Services Metrics | Surrogate Modelled Metric |
|---|---|---|
| Air Quality | ||
| Usable Air | - % days with good or moderate air quality1 | - Rate of air pollutant removal |
| Food, Fiber, and Fuel Provisioning | ||
| Raw Materials | - Copper reserves2 | - Same metric as original HWBI |
| - Gold reserves2 | - Same metric as original HWBI | |
| - Lead reserves2 | - Same metric as original HWBI | |
| - Silver reserves2 | - Same metric as original HWBI | |
| - Zinc reserves2 | - Same metric as original HWBI | |
| Food & Fiber | - Commercial fishery landings3 - Saw-timber tree volume on forest land4 - Agricultural productivity5 |
- Same metric as original HWBI - Forest area allocated for timber removal - Index of nitrogen fixation, carbon sequestration, soil water content |
| Energy | - Recoverable coal reserves6 - Crude oil proved reserves6 - Natural gas proved reserves6 - Uranium reserves6 |
- Same metric as original HWBI - Same metric as original HWBI - Same metric as original HWBI - Same metric as original HWBI |
| Greenspace | ||
| Recreation & Aesthetics | - % of people who did non-consumptive activity within a mile of their home7 - % of people who took a wildlife observation trip within their state7 - Area of blue space per person7 |
- Same metric as original HWBI - Biodiversity - Modelled area of blue space per person |
| Natural Areas | - National Parks acreage8 - % area designated rural park or wildlife area5 - Number of National Park visitors within a state8 - Unclassified land use acres (e.g., marsh, swamp, bare rock, tundra)5 |
- Same metric as original HWBI - Same metric as original HWBI - Same metric as original HWBI - Modelled area of natural lands |
| Water Quality | ||
| Usable Water | - % of water bodies assessed as ‘Good’1 - % days under a beach action (e.g., closure)1 |
- Index of sediment load, nutrient load - Fecal coliform load |
| Water Quantity | ||
| Available Water | - Average monthly Palmer Hydrological Drought Index3 - Water Sustainability Index9 |
- Rainwater retention capacity by soil - Same metric as original HWBI |
Data Sources:
1.
U.S. EPA Air Quality Index Report;
2.
U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Commodity Summaries;
3.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service;
4.
U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Inventory and Analysis Data Base;
5.
U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service;
6.
U.S. Energy Information Administration;
7.
U.S. Census Bureau;
8.
National Park Service;
9.
Natural Resources Defense Council