TABLE 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics of the study population1
| GM (95% CI) or n (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | n | Total (n = 980) | Rural (n = 788) | Urban (n = 192) | P 2 |
| Household | |||||
| Household size | 980 | 4.5 (4.4, 4.7) | 4.6 (4.4, 4.7) | 4.4 (4.1, 4.7) | 0.25 |
| Monthly household income,3 INR | 979 | 5452.1 (5260.9, 5650.2) | 5474.3 (5260.7, 5696.6) | 5361.8 (4946.6, 5811.8) | 0.65 |
| Type of house | 980 | ||||
| Kutcha | 41 (4.2) | 27 (3.4) | 14 (7.3) | 0.04 | |
| Semi-pucca | 3 (0.3) | 3 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Pucca | 936 (95.5) | 758 (96.2) | 178 (92.7) | ||
| Purchases iodized salt | 974 | 654 (67.1) | 525 (67.0) | 129 (67.5) | 0.66 |
| Woman of reproductive age | |||||
| Age, y | 980 | 28.8 (28.4, 29.3) | 28.8 (28.3, 29.3) | 29.1 (28.1, 30.2) | 0.57 |
| 15 to <18 y | 49 (5.0) | 41 (5.2) | 8 (4.2) | 0.81 | |
| 18 to <26 y | 229 (23.4) | 187 (23.7) | 42 (21.9) | ||
| 26 to <36 y | 453 (46.2) | 359 (45.6) | 94 (49.0) | ||
| 36 to 40 y | 249 (25.4) | 201 (25.5) | 48 (25.0) | ||
| Highest level of education | 975 | ||||
| No formal schooling | 158 (16.2) | 125 (15.9) | 33 (17.3) | 0.65 | |
| Grades 1–5 | 174 (17.8) | 138 (17.6) | 36 (18.8) | ||
| Grades 6–8 | 177 (18.2) | 142 (18.1) | 35 (18.3) | ||
| Grades 9–10 | 207 (21.2) | 165 (21.0) | 42 (22.0) | ||
| Grades 11–12 | 106 (10.9) | 83 (10.6) | 23 (12.0) | ||
| College or graduate degree | 153 (15.7) | 131 (16.7) | 22 (11.5) | ||
| Marital status | 975 | ||||
| Currently married | 774 (79.4) | 617 (78.7) | 157 (82.2) | 0.56 | |
| Widowed, divorced, separated | 35 (3.6) | 29 (3.7) | 6 (3.1) | ||
| Never married | 166 (17.0) | 138 (17.6) | 28 (14.7) | ||
| Gravidity | 975 | 2.0 (1.9, 2.1) | 2.0 (1.9, 2.1) | 2.0 (1.8, 2.3) | 0.72 |
| 0 | 207 (21.2) | 169 (21.6) | 38 (19.9) | 0.84 | |
| 1 | 68 (7.0) | 53 (6.8) | 15 (7.9) | ||
| 2 | 385 (39.5) | 306 (39.0) | 79 (41.4) | ||
| ≥3 | 315 (32.3) | 256 (32.7) | 59 (30.9) | ||
| Parity | 975 | 1.7 (1.6, 1.8) | 1.7 (1.6, 1.8) | 1.6 (1.5, 1.8) | 0.68 |
| Nulliparous | 231 (23.7) | 187 (23.9) | 44 (23.0) | 0.41 | |
| Primiparous | 88 (9.0) | 66 (8.4) | 22 (11.5) | ||
| Multiparous | 656 (67.3) | 531 (67.7) | 125 (65.4) | ||
| Currently has children | 746 | 737 (98.8) | 592 (99.0) | 145 (98.0) | 0.31 |
| Number of children | 2.0 (1.9, 2.1) | 2.0 (1.9, 2.1) | 1.9 (1.7, 2.2) | 0.54 | |
| 0 | 9 (1.2) | 6 (1.0) | 3 (2.0) | 0.43 | |
| 1 | 118 (15.8) | 90 (15.1) | 28 (18.9) | ||
| 2 | 514 (68.9) | 415 (69.4) | 99 (66.9) | ||
| ≥3 | 105 (14.1) | 87 (14.5) | 18 (12.2) | ||
1
Values are GMs (95% CI) or n (%). Total (ns) are true sample ns. GM, geometric mean; INR, Indian rupees; USD, US dollar.
2
Chi-square statistics and 1-factor ANOVA were used to evaluate differences in categorical and continuous variables, respectively; household income was natural logarithmically transformed prior to analyses; Poisson regressions were used for count variables (e.g., household size, gravidity, parity, and number of children)
3
INR 70 ≅ 1 USD.