Table 2.

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) predicted to interact with SARS-CoV-2.

RBP	DE analysis			Experimental evidence in human datasets				RBP-binding site prediction
	A549 Log2FC	Calu-3 Log2FC	SARS-CoV-2-specific DEG	GTEx lung tissue (TPM)	scRNA	PPI map	Viral RNA binding	Conserved in SARS-CoV-2 genomes	Region
HNRNPA1		−0.32		331.336	TRUE		Yes	Yes	3′-UTR
HNRNPA2B1	−1.08	−0.29		539.829	TRUE		Yes	Yes
PABPC1	0.72	0.44	Yes	448.025	TRUE	SARS-CoV-2 N protein	Yes
PABPC4	0.30	−0.28		103.082	TRUE	SARS-CoV-2 N protein	Yes
PPIE		−0.27		13.827	TRUE			Yes
CELF5	0.56			0.079	TRUE			Yes	5′-UTR
FMR1		0.75		21.435	TRUE			Yes
RBM24	0.34			1.412				Yes
EIF4B	0.53	0.64		170.303	TRUE		Yes	Yes	Intergenic
ELAVL1		−0.31		27.440	TRUE		Yes	Yes
PABPC1	0.72	0.44	Yes	448.025	TRUE	SARS-CoV-2 N protein	Yes	Yes
PPIE		−0.27		13.827	TRUE			Yes
TIA1	0.34	0.41	Yes	46.934	TRUE		Yes	Yes
TIAL1	0.25			40.593				Yes

Selected human RBPs whose putative binding sites are enriched in regions of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, along with experimental information. Log2 fold change is reported only for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with FDR-adjusted p-value < 0.05. scRNA indicates whether the RBP is co-expressed with ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in single-cell RNA-seq data from human lung cells⁵⁵; PPI Map indicates reported interaction with a SARS-CoV-2 viral protein¹⁸; viral RNA binding indicates RBPs experimentally found to interact with SARS-CoV-2 RNA in a human liver cell line^85,86.

UTR untranslated region.