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. 2021 May 17;11:10418. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-89853-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Viability, size and number recovered using the proposed islet cryopreservation protocol. (a) Post-thaw viability of pancreatic islets cryopreserved with proposed DMSO + trehalose protocol with varying trehalose pre-incubation time (1–48 h). Viability measured immediately post-thaw (light blue bars) and 24 h post-thaw (dark blue bars) shown. Bars represent mean ± SD, n = 3 islet isolations, repeated measures two-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD post-hoc test, all groups were significantly different from trehalose only (Treh), other significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) are marked by asterisks. (b) Post-thaw viability of individual islets from the experiments shown in (a) measured immediately post-thaw and (c) 24 h post-thaw. Triangles represent individual islet viabilities; triangles of same colour represent results from the same experiment. (d) Distribution of islets from (a) in three viability groups for DMSO- and DT6h-cryopreserved islets immediately post-thaw and (e) 24 h post-thaw. (f) Post-thaw islet yield for islets cryopreserved with DMSO or DT6h, calculated as number of islets recovered after thawing/number of islets before freezing. (g) Average islet diameter of DMSO- and DT6h-cryopreserved islets measured pre-freeze, 0 h post-thaw and 24 h post-thaw. All figures were produced using GraphPad Prism (version 8.4.1, https://www.graphpad.com). DT6h DMSO + trehalose pre-incubated for 6 h, Treh trehalose only.