Table 2.

Univariate and adjusted HRs and 95% CIs for the development of metabolic syndrome (N = 2370)

Variable	Univariate		Adjusted
	HR (95% CI)	P	HR (95% CI)	P
Infertility
No	1.00 (Referent)	0.49	1.00 (Referent)	0.42
Yes	0.93 (0.76-1.14)		0.91 (0.71-1.15)
Age	1.04 (1.01-1.07)	0.01	–	–
Race/Ethnicity
Caucasian/white non-Hispanic	1.00 (Referent)	< 0.0001	–	–
Chinese/Chinese American	0.94 (0.67-1.33)
Japanese/Japanese American	1.07 (0.76-1.50)
Black/African American	1.63 (1.35-1.98)
Hispanic	1.48 (1.08-2.03)
Education
High school diploma	1.00 (Referent)	0.0005	–	–
Less than high school	1.07 (0.75-1.53)
Some college/technical school	0.91 (0.72-1.16)
College degree	0.64 (0.49-0.85)
Postgraduate education	0.66 (0.50-0.86)
Insurance
Private	1.00 (Referent)	0.009	–	–
Government	1.59 (1.07-2.36)
Other	1.68 (1.15-2.46)
No insurance	1.05 (0.75-1.48)
Family history of CVD events
No	1.00 (Referent)	0.002	1.00 (Referent)	0.27
Yes	1.36 (1.12-1.64)		1.13 (0.91-1.41)
Birth control or female hormones used continuously from 25-35 years
No	1.00 (Referent)	0.43	–	–
Yes	1.13 (0.84-1.51)
Any postmenopausal hormone use
No	1.00 (Referent)	0.15	1.00 (Referent)	0.02
Yes	1.15 (0.95-1.40)		1.32 (1.05-1.65)
Married or in a committed relationship∗	0.82 (0.68-1.00)	0.04	1.21 (0.94-1.56)	0.15
Income∗	0.85 (0.77-0.93)	0.0003	0.86 (0.76-0.97)	0.02
Body mass index∗	3.16 (2.80-3.57)	< 0.0001	3.18 (2.74-3.67)	< 0.0001
Menopausal status∗	1.24 (1.06-1.45)	0.007	–	–
Smoking∗	1.10 (0.99-1.23)	0.09	1.11 (0.97-1.27)	0.14
Alcohol∗	0.80 (0.67-0.96)	0.02	0.79 (0.64-0.98)	0.03

CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HR, hazard ratio.

^∗Included as a time-varying covariate.