Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study participants starting with expiratory resistance breathing (ERB, group 1) and tachypnea (TP, group 2).
| Group 1 – ERB (n = 7) | Group 1 – TP (n = 7) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anthropometrics | |||
| Age, years | 26 (24–26) | 24 (24–34) | 0.805 |
| Height, cm | 184 (179–187) | 178 (177–184) | 0.128 |
| Weight, kg | 77 (75–85) | 76 (75–86) | 1.000 |
| BMI | 23.7 (22.1–25.1) | 24 (21.4–27.1) | 0.456 |
| BSA, m2 | 1.95 (1.93–2.08) | 2.00 (1.92–2.09) | 1.000 |
| Lung function testing | |||
| FEV1, L | 4.96 (4.55–5.23) | 4.55 (3.57–5.05) | 0.259 |
| FVC, % predicted | 5.78 (4.97–6.43) | 5.60 (4.66–5.73) | 0.259 |
| FEV1/FVC ratio | 0.86 (82–0.89) | 0.81 (0.77–0.88) | 0.318 |
| IC, L | 3.68 (3.46–3.90) | 3.62 (3.21–4.02) | 0.670 |
| MEF25, L/s | 2.57 (1.95–2.65) | 1.89 (1.53–2.53) | 0.730 |
| MEF50, L/s | 6.25 (6.14–6.36) | 5.66 (3.88–6.10) | 0.290 |
| MEF75, L/s | 9.28 (8.38–10.24) | 8.99 (7.01–9.95) | 0.560 |
| PEF, L/s | 11.58 (10.93–12.45) | 10.77 (10.20–10.78) | 0.063 |
| Cardiovascular parameters | |||
| Heart rate, bpm | 70 (62–71) | 71 (66–78) | 0.620 |
| EF, percent | 60 (57–64) | 59 (56–63) | 0.731 |
| E/A ratio | 1.59 (1.43–2.28) | 1.80 (1.27–2.20) | 0.710 |
Data are presented as medians with 1st−3rd quartiles and were compared by a Mann-Whitney U-test. ERB, expiratory resistance breathing; TP, tachypnea; BMI, body mass index; BSA, body surface area; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; IC, inspiratory capacity; EF, ejection fraction; E/A ratio, ratio of E-wave to A-wave.