Table 1: Clinical characteristics.
Comparison of clinical characteristics, prevalence of cytogenetic abnormalities and first-line treatments in patients with +1q and those without +1q. The median (interquartile range) is presented for continuous variables and number (percentage) for categorical variables. Abbreviations: B2M: beta2microglobulin, BMPCs: bone marrow plasma cells, del: deletion, Hb: hemoglobin, HR: high-risk, IMiD: immunomodulatory drug, ISS: international staging system, LC: light chain, LDH: lactate dehydrogenase, MM: multiple myeloma, PCLI: plasma cell labeling index, PI: proteasome inhibitor, PS: performance status, SR: standard-risk, Abn: abnormal, WBC: white blood cell.
| All (N=1342) |
No MYC Abn (N=1231) |
MYC Abn (N=111) |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | ||||
| Median | 64 (57-71) | 64 (57-71) | 65 (58-71) | 0.49 |
| ≥70 (vs <70) | 373 (28) | 339 (28) | 34 (31) | 0.51 |
| Male | 819 (61) | 757 (61) | 62 (56) | 0.26 |
| ECOG PS | ||||
| ≥ 2 (vs 0-1) | 94 (19) | 87 (20) | 7 (17) | 0.84 |
| Hb (g/dL) | ||||
| Median | 10.9 (9.4-12.4) | 11.0 (9.4-12.5) | 10.5 (9.4-12.1) | 0.25 |
| < 10 (vs ≥ 10) | 397 (33) | 360 (33) | 37 (36) | 0.59 |
| Platelets (x 10 9 /L) | ||||
| Median | 210 (163-259) | 210 (163-259) | 213 (149-258) | 0.78 |
| < 150 (vs ≥ 150) | 167 (20) | 146 (19) | 21 (25) | 0.19 |
| WBC (x 10 9 /L) | 5.3 (4.0-7.0) | 5.4 (4.0-7.1) | 5.2 (3.9-6.2) | 0.14 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.0 (0.9-1.5) | 1.0 (0.9-1.5) | 1.0 (0.9-1.4) | 0.98 |
| Creatinine ≥2 | 189 (16) | 175 (16) | 14 (14) | 0.45 |
| LDH (units/L) | ||||
| Median | 165 (138-201) | 164 (137-198) | 172 (150-215) | 0.034 |
| >222 vs (≤222) | 145 (16) | 131 (16) | 14 (20) | 0.40 |
| B2M (μg/ml) | ||||
| Median | 4.1 (2.8-7.4) | 4.1 (2.8-7.4) | 4.9 (3.4-8.2) | 0.009 |
| >3.5 vs (≤ 3.5) | 622 (59) | 557 (58) | 65 (71) | 0.01 |
| >5.5 vs (≤ 5.5) | 377 (36) | 339 (35) | 38 (42) | 0.25 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | ||||
| Median | 3.6 (3.2-3.8) | 3.6 (3.2-3.8) | 3.6 (3.2-3.9) | 0.66 |
| ≤3.5 (vs >3.5) | 502 (49) | 459 (49) | 43 (48) | 0.91 |
| Calcium (mg/dL) | ||||
| Median | 9.5 (9.1-10.1) | 9.5 (9.1-10.1) | 9.6 (9.2-10.2) | 0.16 |
| ≥ 11 (vs < 11) | 107 (9) | 99 (10) | 8 (8) | 0.72 |
| Lytic lesions | 744 (69) | 668 (68) | 76 (78) | 0.04 |
| % BMPCs | ||||
| Median | 50 (30-70) | 50 (30-70) | 60 (42-80) | <0.001 |
| ≥ 50% (vs <50%) | 690 (55) | 619 (54) | 71 (70) | 0.003 |
| Serum M spike (g/dL) | 2.5 (0.7-3.9) | 2.5 (0.6-3.9) | 3.0 (1.3-4.0) | 0.08 |
| Urine M spike (g/24 hrs.) | 0.04 (0-0.47) | 0.03 (0-0.42) | 0.13 (0-0.74) | 0.11 |
| Urine albumin (g/24 hrs.) | 0.05 (0.02-0.14) | 0.05 (0.02-0.14) | 0.06 (0.03-0.14) | 0.39 |
| Ig Isotype | ||||
| IgA | 259 (25) | 230 (24) | 29 (35) | 0.04 |
| IgG | 613 (59) | 565 (60) | 48 (58) | 0.82 |
| LC MM | 139 (13) | 133 (14) | 6 (7) | 0.09 |
| Involved LC | ||||
| Lambda | 377 (36) | 354 (37) | 23 (27) | |
| Kappa | 665 (64) | 602 (63) | 63 (73) | 0.06 |
| ISS Stage | ||||
| I | 243 (24) | 227 (25) | 16 (18) | |
| II | 379 (38) | 346 (38) | 33 (38) | |
| III | 378 (38) | 340 (37) | 38 (44) | |
| ISS III (vs I/II) | 378 (38) | 340 (37) | 38 (44) | 0.25 |
| PCLI (%) | ||||
| Median | 0.8 (0.3-1.5) | 0.8 (0.2-1.5) | 1.0 (0.6-1.6) | 0.01 |
| ≥2% (vs. <2%) | 79 (19) | 68 (18) | 11 (23) | 0.42 |
| SR FISH abnormalities | ||||
| Trisomy | 773 (59) | 694 (58) | 79 (71) | 0.006 |
| t(11;14) | 269 (20) | 258 (21) | 11 (10) | 0.004 |
| Del(13q) | 122 (9) | 114 (9) | 8 (7) | 0.61 |
| Monosomy 13 | 516 (39) | 469 (39) | 47(43) | 0.42 |
| HR FISH translocations | 193 (15) | 172 (14) | 21 (19) | 0.16 |
| t(4;14) | 126 (10) | 113 (9) | 13 (12) | 0.40 |
| t(14;16) | 54 (4) | 48 (4) | 6 (5) | 0.45 |
| t(14;20) | 13 (1) | 11 (1) | 2 (2) | 0.30 |
| Del(17p)/monosomy 17 | 168 (13) | 157 (13) | 11 (10) | 0.46 |
| First-line induction chemotherapy | ||||
| PI-based | 459 (36) | 414 (35) | 45 (42) | |
| IMiD-based | 458 (36) | 423 (36) | 35 (32) | |
| PI+IMiD | 365 (28) | 338 (29) | 27 (25) | |
| Other | 8 (1) | 7 (1) | 1 (1) | |
| First-line transplant | 570 (44) | 527 (45) | 43 (40) |