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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 18.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Stimul. 2020 Jan 15;13(3):539–547. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2020.01.007

Table 3.

Change in executive function outcomes from baseline to endpoint (one-month follow-up) in active and sham rTMS groups.

Group Baseline Endpoint
Active (n = 20) (95%CI) Sham (n = 20) (95%CI) Active (n = 18) (95%CI) Sham (n = 20) (95%CI) MCDb t p 95%CI ESc
SWM Errorsa 23 ± 1.7 (19.6–26.5) 23 ± 1.7 (19.6–26.6) 19.3 ± 1.9 (15.6–23.1) 20.2 ± 1.9 (16.4–23.9) 0.79 2,67 = 0.24 0.8 −5.8-7.3 0.04
BRIEF MCIa 71.7 ± 1.4 (68.8–74.6) 71.5 ± 1.4 (68.6–74.4) 61.8 ± 1.6 (58.6–64.9) 64 ± 1.6 (68.6–74.4) 2.5 2,68 = 0.96 0.3 −2.7-7.7 0.28

BRIEF-MCI = Behavioral Rating Inventory for Executive Function Metacognition Index, SWM Errors = spatial working memory total errors score, MCD = Mean Change Difference, ES = Effect Size, CI=Confidence Interval.

a

Values presented as Mean ± SE are adjusted for baseline score and IQ.

b

Difference in mean change from baseline to endpoint were calculated by subtracting the adjusted mean score at follow-up from the adjusted mean score at baseline for each group (active-sham).

c

Cohen’s d effect sizes were calculated by subtracting the adjusted mean score at follow-up from the adjusted mean score at baseline for each group, then dividing the result by the pooled baseline SDs.