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. 2021 May 18;2021(5):CD007579. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007579.pub3

Comparison 3. Corticosteroids vs placebo.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
3.1 Nausea ‐ intraoperative 6 609 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.56 [0.37, 0.83]
3.1.1 Dexamethasone ‐ 4 mg IV 1 200 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.89 [0.68, 1.17]
3.1.2 Dexamethasone ‐ 4 mg IT 1 62 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.33 [0.15, 0.75]
3.1.3 Dexamethasone ‐ 8 mg IV 5 347 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.55 [0.37, 0.82]
3.2 Vomiting ‐ intraoperative 6 609 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.52 [0.31, 0.87]
3.2.1 Dexamethasone ‐ 4 mg IV 1 200 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.88 [0.33, 2.32]
3.2.2 Dexamethasone ‐ 4 mg IT 1 62 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.24 [0.02, 2.47]
3.2.3 Dexamethasone ‐ 8 mg IV 5 347 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.44 [0.23, 0.83]
3.3 Nausea ‐ postoperative 6 733 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.59 [0.49, 0.73]
3.3.1 Dexamethasone ‐ 2.5 mg IV 1 58 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.56 [0.19, 1.63]
3.3.2 Dexamethasone ‐ 4 mg IV 1 200 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.52 [0.30, 0.88]
3.3.3 Dexamethasone ‐ 5 mg IV 1 59 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.43 [0.13, 1.38]
3.3.4 Dexamethasone ‐ 8 mg IV 2 168 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.82 [0.60, 1.13]
3.3.5 Dexamethasone ‐ 8 mg IT 1 120 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.54 [0.39, 0.74]
3.3.6 Dexamethasone ‐ 10 mg IV 2 128 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.43 [0.26, 0.69]
3.4 Vomiting ‐ postoperative 7 793 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.68 [0.49, 0.95]
3.4.1 Dexamethasone ‐ 2.5 mg IV 1 58 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.74 [0.22, 2.49]
3.4.2 Dexamethasone ‐ 4 mg IV 1 200 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.14 [0.01, 2.73]
3.4.3 Dexamethasone ‐ 5 mg IV 1 59 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.34 [0.08, 1.51]
3.4.4 Dexamethasone ‐ 8 mg IV 3 228 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.01 [0.79, 1.31]
3.4.5 Dexamethasone ‐ 8 mg IT 1 120 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.50 [0.31, 0.81]
3.4.6 Dexamethasone ‐ 10 mg IV 2 128 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.44 [0.27, 0.73]
3.5 'Nausea + Vomiting' ‐ intraoperative (not pre‐specified) 1 108 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.65 [0.96, 2.84]
3.5.1 Dexamethasone ‐ 8 mg IV 1 108 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.65 [0.96, 2.84]
3.6 'Nausea + Vomiting' ‐ postoperative ‐ (not pre‐specified) 1 108 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.94 [0.79, 1.12]
3.6.1 Dexamethasone ‐ 8 mg IV 1 108 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.94 [0.79, 1.12]
3.7 Hypotension 1 124 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.62 [0.34, 1.12]
3.7.1 Dexamethasone ‐ 4 mg IT 1 62 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.44 [0.25, 0.78]
3.7.2 Dexamethasone ‐ 8 mg IV 1 62 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.80 [0.53, 1.22]
3.8 Bradycardia 1 124 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.58 [0.30, 1.16]
3.8.1 Dexamethasone ‐ 4 mg IT 1 62 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.40 [0.14, 1.15]
3.8.2 Dexamethasone ‐ 8 mg IV 1 62 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.77 [0.32, 1.87]
3.9 Shivering 1 124 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.66 [0.41, 1.05]
3.9.1 Dexamethasone ‐ 4 mg IT 1 62 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.53 [0.26, 1.09]
3.9.2 Dexamethasone ‐ 8 mg IV 1 62 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.77 [0.42, 1.40]
3.10 Rescue antiemetics (not pre‐specified) 1 108 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.91 [0.53, 1.57]
3.10.1 Dexamethasone 8 mg IV 1 108 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.91 [0.53, 1.57]