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. 2021 May 18;2021(5):CD007579. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007579.pub3

Comparison 5. Anticholinergics vs placebo.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
5.1 Nausea ‐ intraoperative 4 453 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.67 [0.51, 0.87]
5.1.1 Glycopyrrolate ‐ 0.2 mg 2 89 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.49 [0.22, 1.09]
5.1.2 Scopolamine patch 2 364 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.71 [0.51, 0.97]
5.2 Vomiting ‐ intraoperative 4 453 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.79 [0.40, 1.54]
5.2.1 Glycopyrrolate ‐ 0.2 mg 2 89 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.45 [0.12, 1.62]
5.2.2 Scopolamine patch 2 364 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.96 [0.36, 2.59]
5.3 Nausea ‐ postoperative 0 0 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) Not estimable
5.4 Vomiting ‐ postoperative 1 161 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.55 [0.41, 0.74]
5.4.1 Scopolamine patch 1 161 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.55 [0.41, 0.74]
5.5 'Nausea + Vomiting' ‐ intraoperative (not pre‐specified) 0 0 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) Not estimable
5.6 'Nausea + vomiting' ‐ postoperative (not pre‐specified) 2 334 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.46 [0.25, 0.85]
5.6.1 Atropine ‐ 100 mcg IT 1 105 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.27 [0.14, 0.52]
5.6.2 Atropine ‐ 100 mcg IV 1 99 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.72 [0.45, 1.15]
5.6.3 Scopolamine 0.3 mg 1 130 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.47 [0.22, 1.01]
5.7 Blurred vision 2 407 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.84 [0.21, 3.40]
5.7.1 Scopolamine patch 1 203 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.98 [0.37, 10.57]
5.7.2 Atropine ‐ 100 mcg intrathecal 1 105 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.92 [0.18, 4.76]
5.7.3 Atropine ‐ 100 mcg intravenous 1 99 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.10 [0.00, 1.96]
5.8 Anxiety/Disorientation 2 407 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.95 [0.35, 2.58]
5.8.1 Scopolamine patch 1 203 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.97 [0.12, 72.08]
5.8.2 Atropine ‐ 100 mcg intrathecal 1 105 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.76 [0.19, 3.01]
5.8.3 Atropine ‐ 100 mcg intravenous 1 99 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.96 [0.18, 4.95]
5.9 Dizziness 2 333 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.91 [0.37, 2.24]
5.9.1 Scopolamine patch 1 203 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.99 [0.39, 2.54]
5.9.2 Scopolamine 0.3 mg/5 mL IV 1 130 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.33 [0.01, 8.03]
5.10 Hypotension 3 293 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.81 [0.58, 1.13]
5.10.1 Glycopyrrolate ‐ 0.2 mg 2 89 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.79 [0.50, 1.26]
5.10.2 Atropine ‐ 100 mcg intrathecal 1 105 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.46 [0.07, 3.11]
5.10.3 Atropine ‐ 100 mcg intravenous 1 99 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.96 [0.09, 10.15]
5.11 Pruritus/itching 2 407 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.87 [0.65, 1.18]
5.11.1 Scopolamine patch 1 203 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.92 [0.66, 1.28]
5.11.2 Atropine ‐ 100 mcg intrathecal 1 105 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.53 [0.19, 1.47]
5.11.3 Atropine ‐ 100 mcg intravenous 1 99 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.88 [0.36, 2.16]
5.12 Xerostomia/dry mouth 2 334 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.82 [0.53, 1.27]
5.12.1 Atropine ‐ 100 mcg intrathecal 1 105 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.82 [0.43, 1.59]
5.12.2 Atropine ‐ 100 mcg intravenous 1 99 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.72 [0.36, 1.41]
5.12.3 Scopolamine 0.3 mg/5 mL IV 1 130 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.25 [0.35, 4.45]
5.13 Drowsiness 1 130 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 3.00 [0.12, 72.31]
5.13.1 Scopolamine 0.3 mg/5 mL IV 1 130 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 3.00 [0.12, 72.31]