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. 2021 May 18;2021(5):CD007579. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007579.pub3

Comparison 6. Sedatives vs placebo.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
6.1 Nausea ‐ intraoperative 8 593 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.65 [0.51, 0.82]
6.1.1 Propofol ‐ 0.5 mg/kg/hr 1 26 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.75 [0.19, 2.93]
6.1.2 Propofol ‐ 1.0 mg/kg/hr 3 135 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.56 [0.26, 1.20]
6.1.3 Propofol ‐ 1.5 mg/kg/hr 1 27 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.35 [0.09, 1.35]
6.1.4 Propofol ‐ 10 mg IV ‐ single dose 1 57 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.19 [0.39, 3.67]
6.1.5 Propofol ‐ 20 mg + 1.0 mg/kg/hr 2 89 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.79 [0.47, 1.32]
6.1.6 Propofol TCI target 1 ug/ml 1 80 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.42 [0.23, 0.75]
6.1.7 Midazolam ‐ 1.0 mg + 1.0 mg/hr 2 89 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.76 [0.48, 1.20]
6.1.8 Ketamine 0.4.mg/kg 1 90 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.46 [0.19, 1.11]
6.1.9 Intrathecal midazolam 2 mg vs placebo 0 0 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) Not estimable
6.2 Vomiting ‐ intraoperative 8 593 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.35 [0.24, 0.52]
6.2.1 Propofol ‐ 0.5 mg/kg/hr 1 26 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.90 [0.24, 3.35]
6.2.2 Propofol ‐ 1.0 mg/kg/hr 3 135 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.31 [0.15, 0.65]
6.2.3 Propofol ‐ 1.5 mg/kg/hr 1 27 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.23 [0.05, 1.12]
6.2.4 Propofol ‐ 10 mg IV ‐ single dose 1 57 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.60 [0.06, 6.21]
6.2.5 Propofol ‐ 20 mg + 1.0 mg/kg/hr 2 89 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.17 [0.05, 0.65]
6.2.6 Propofol TCI target 1 ug/ml 1 80 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.33 [0.10, 1.14]
6.2.7 Midazolam ‐ 1.0 mg + 1.0 mg/hr 2 89 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.18 [0.01, 3.86]
6.2.8 Ketamine 0.4 mg/kg 1 90 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.44 [0.15, 1.34]
6.2.9 Intrathecal midazolam 2 mg vs placebo 0 0 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) Not estimable
6.3 Nausea ‐ postoperative 2 145 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.25 [0.09, 0.71]
6.3.1 Propofol ‐ 10 mg IV ‐ single dose 1 57 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.38 [0.23, 24.83]
6.3.2 Propofol ‐ 20 mg + 1.0 mg/kg/hr 1 44 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.16 [0.06, 0.40]
6.3.3 Midazolam ‐ 1.0 mg + 1.0 mg/hr 1 44 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.18 [0.08, 0.40]
6.4 Vomiting ‐ postoperative 2 145 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.09 [0.03, 0.28]
6.4.1 Propofol ‐ 10 mg IV ‐ single dose 1 57 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.40 [0.02, 9.31]
6.4.2 Propofol ‐ 20 mg + 1.0 mg/kg/hr 1 44 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.02 [0.00, 0.37]
6.4.3 Midazolam ‐ 1.0 mg + 1.0 mg/hr 1 44 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.09 [0.02, 0.37]
6.5 'Nausea + vomiting' ‐ intraoperative (not pre‐specified) 0 0 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) Not estimable
6.6 'Nausea + vomiting' ‐ postoperative (not pre‐specified) 2 348 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.06 [0.02, 0.22]
6.6.1 Propofol ‐ 0.5 mg/kg 1 230 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.02 [0.01, 0.08]
6.6.2 Propofol TCI target 1 ug/ml 1 39 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.05 [0.00, 0.93]
6.6.3 Propofol TCI target 1.5 ug/ml 1 39 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.17 [0.04, 0.80]
6.6.4 Propofol TCI target 2 ug/ml 1 40 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.08 [0.01, 0.66]
6.7 Pruritis/itching 2 348 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.04 [0.02, 0.12]
6.7.1 Propofol ‐ 0.5 mg/kg 1 230 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.03 [0.01, 0.09]
6.7.2 Propofol TCI target 1 ug/ml 1 39 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.12 [0.01, 2.78]
6.7.3 Propofol TCI target 1.5 ug/ml 1 39 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.12 [0.01, 2.78]
6.7.4 Propofol TCI target 2 ug/ml 1 40 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.12 [0.01, 2.69]
6.8 Hypotension 2 198 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.29 [0.86, 1.93]
6.8.1 Propofol TCI target 1 ug/ml 2 119 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.30 [0.83, 2.03]
6.8.2 Propofol TCI target 1.5 ug/ml 1 39 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.86 [0.20, 3.76]
6.8.3 Propofol TCI target 2 ug/ml 1 40 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.67 [0.44, 6.36]
6.9 Shivering 1 118 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.24 [0.08, 0.72]
6.9.1 Propofol TCI target 1 ug/ml 1 39 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.34 [0.06, 2.14]
6.9.2 Propofol TCI target 1.5 ug/ml 1 39 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.17 [0.02, 1.70]
6.9.3 Propofol TCI target 2 ug/ml 1 40 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.22 [0.04, 1.15]
6.10 Apgar score < 7 at 5 mins 1 80 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) Not estimable
6.10.1 Propofol TCI target 1 ug/ml 1 80 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) Not estimable
6.11 Initiation of breastfeeding 1 80 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.00 [0.95, 1.05]
6.11.1 Propofol TCI target 1 ug/ml 1 80 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.00 [0.95, 1.05]