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. 2021 May 18;2021(5):CD007579. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007579.pub3

El‐Deeb 2011a.

Study characteristics
Methods Individual RCT
Participants Inclusion criteria:
  • Women having elective CS under spinal anaesthesia

  • N = 450 women randomised


Exclusion criteria:
Interventions Intervention 1: 5‐HT3 antagonist (Comparison 1)
  • Ondansetron 4 mg (2 mL) 30 min pre‐op + sham electrical stimulation on false‐P6 point

  • N = 150 women randomised


Intervention 2: acupressure (Comparison 8)
  • Acupressure P6, electric stimulation for 30 minutes prior to spinal and saline IV

  • N = 150 women randomised


Placebo
  • Control sham P6 electrical stimulation plus IV saline

  • N = 150 women randomised

Outcomes Nausea and vomiting per 10 minutes intraoperative.
Nausea and vomiting at 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 hours postoperative
4 mg ondansetron as rescue
Adverse effects
Women's satisfaction
Notes Setting: Mansoura, Egypt.
Dates: not reported.
Funding source: not reported.
Declaration of interest: not reported.
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Unclear risk Quote:"randomly allocated"
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Unclear risk Unspecified
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias)
All outcomes Unclear risk Unspecified. Sham needling was performed but no details on blinding
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias)
All outcomes Low risk Evaluation postoperatively by an independent anaesthetist who was blinded to group assignment.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)
All outcomes Unclear risk Unspecified
Selective reporting (reporting bias) Unclear risk Unspecified
Other bias Low risk Nil apparent