Lim 2001a.

Study characteristics
Methods	RCT
Participants	Inclusion criteria: Women having elective CS under spinal anaesthesia Healthy – not defined N = 32 women randomised Exclusion criteria: Not stated explicitly.
Interventions	Intervention: acupuncture/acupressure (Comparison 8) Active ‘Transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation (TAES) device (ReliefBand) applied to the Nei‐Guan P6 point Device placed on upper limb without the BP cuff immediately before spinal block and removed following the last surgical suture N = ? Comparator: placebo Inactive band applied to the same place N = ?
Outcomes	Pre‐specified: Nausea, vomiting/retching, verbal pain score Data collected at 6 intervals but one score reported. 6 points were: end of IT injection to skin incision; skin incision to birth; birth to start of fascial closure; fascial closure at skin closure; skin closure to arrival in recovery room; 1 hour after arrival in recovery. Reported: Nausea, vomiting/retching, verbal pain score and satisfaction
Notes	Setting: not described but authors from KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore Dates: not reported Funding source: not reported Declaration of interest: not reported Conference abstract only. Wrote to authors in July 2009 for further details. No response received. No data for this review as no information on the number of women in each group.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No information just “…were randomised…”
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No information just “…were randomised…”
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Although there was a placebo, the women would, we think, have felt if there was electrical stimulation or not
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Although it is reported that the investigator was blinded, the women reporting on nausea and pain would probably have known – the assessor observed the vomiting.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No information is reported
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	The authors report on the 3 outcomes listed in Methods but also satisfaction, however this is only a conference abstract. We did not assess the trial protocol.
Other bias	Unclear risk	State similar demographics but no detail. No methodological information provided so not possible to assess this.