Table 1.
Socio-economic and demographic profile of older adults in India
| Variables | Sample | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Self-perceived income sufficiency | ||
| Has income and fully sufficient | 2156 | 23.5 |
| Has income and partially sufficient | 2410 | 26.3 |
| Has income and not sufficient | 661 | 7.2 |
| No income | 3949 | 43.0 |
| Working status (last one year) | ||
| Never worked | 6174 | 67.3 |
| Currently working | 2208 | 24.1 |
| Retired | 794 | 8.7 |
| Educational status | ||
| No education | 4654 | 50.7 |
| Below 5 years | 1890 | 20.6 |
| 6 to 10 years | 2072 | 22.6 |
| 11+ years | 559 | 6.1 |
| Marital status | ||
| Not in union | 3632 | 39.6 |
| Currently in union | 5544 | 60.4 |
| Asset ownership | ||
| No | 1610 | 17.6 |
| Yes | 7566 | 82.5 |
| Age group (in years) | ||
| 60–69 | 5667 | 61.8 |
| 70–79 | 2525 | 27.5 |
| 80+ | 984 | 10.7 |
| Sex | ||
| Men | 4339 | 47.3 |
| Women | 4837 | 52.7 |
| Co-residing with children | ||
| No | 2701 | 29.4 |
| Yes | 6475 | 70.6 |
| Self-rated health | ||
| Good | 4096 | 44.6 |
| Poor | 5080 | 55.4 |
| IADL | ||
| High | 3995 | 43.5 |
| Low | 5181 | 56.5 |
| ADL | ||
| High | 8498 | 92.6 |
| Low | 678 | 7.4 |
| Subjective well-being | ||
| High | 6720 | 73.2 |
| Low | 2456 | 26.8 |
| Psychological health | ||
| High | 7024 | 76.6 |
| Low | 2152 | 23.5 |
| Wealth status | ||
| Poorest | 2170 | 23.7 |
| Poorer | 2024 | 22.1 |
| Middle | 1903 | 20.7 |
| Richer | 1708 | 18.6 |
| Richest | 1370 | 14.9 |
| Religion | ||
| Hindu | 7299 | 79.6 |
| Muslims | 644 | 7.0 |
| Sikh | 847 | 9.2 |
| Others | 386 | 4.2 |
| Caste | ||
| Scheduled Caste | 1897 | 20.7 |
| Scheduled Tribe | 515 | 5.6 |
| Other Backward Class | 3353 | 36.5 |
| Others | 3411 | 37.2 |
| Place of residence | ||
| Rural | 6783 | 73.9 |
| Urban | 2393 | 26.1 |
| State | ||
| Himachal Pradesh | 1456 | 15.9 |
| Punjab | 1240 | 13.5 |
| West Bengal | 1127 | 12.3 |
| Orissa | 1453 | 15.8 |
| Maharashtra | 1230 | 13.4 |
| Kerala | 1340 | 14.6 |
| Tamil Nadu | 1330 | 14.5 |
| Total | 9176 | 100.0 |
IADL Instrumental activities of daily living, ADL Activities of daily living