TABLE 2.

Definitions for the Coping Strategies Employed by HIV-positive Latino Sexual Minority Male Participants in Los Angeles County, CA (n = 30)

Type of Coping Strategy	Definition
Engagement in activities	Utilizing activities to distract him from the discrimination event (e.g., playing or listening to music, exercising)
External attribution— acceptance and awareness	Accepting reality as it is
External attribution—it’s not me, it’s them	Blaming others for their ignorance, not himself
Humor	Trying to see the humor in a difficult situation
Official reporting	Asking for the manager, reporting a violation, planful problemsolving
Positive reframing	Creating positive meaning by focusing on the good things and personal growth instead of the bad and embracing self-acceptance
Putting up their guard	Assessing one’s safety and putting up their guard
Selective disclosure	Planning to whom you disclose information
Self-advocacy	Directly confronting the perpetrator, standing up for himself
Self-presentation and role shifting	Planning about how to behave when anticipating discrimination and changing identity expression
Self-segregation or self-selection of environments	Planning to go certain places and be around certain people
Social support	Reaching out to someone formally or informally; therapy, support groups, friends, family, providers
Spirituality	Utilizing faith and God as a way to respond to discrimination
Strategic avoidance	Walking away from, choosing not to engage in, or refusing to get emotionally involved in a dysfunctional situation