Table 3. Environmental and behavioral characteristics of the study population in relation to malaria prevalence.
| Variable | Category | Frequency | Percentage | prevalence | P value Chi square | Bivariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COR (95% CI) | P value | AOR (95% CI) | P value | ||||||
| Use of insecticides spray | Yes | 22 | 4.4 | 1 | |||||
| No | 478 | 95.6 | 60 (12.0) | p = .076 | 0 | 0.998 | – | – | |
| Presence of bushes | Yes | 99 | 19.8 | 23 (23.23) | 1 | 1 | |||
| No | 401 | 80.2 | 37 (9.23) | p < .001* | 2.98(1.67–5.30) | < .001* | 2.72 (1.44–5.13) | 0.002* | |
| Presence of stream around home | Yes | 293 | 58.6 | 36 (12.29) | 1 | ||||
| No | 207 | 41.4 | 24 (11.59) | p = .814 | 1.07 (.62–1.85) | 0.814 | |||
| Presence of stagnant water | Yes | 215 | 56.7 | 33 (15.35) | 1 | 1 | |||
| No | 164 | 43.3 | 27 (9.47) | p = .045* | 1.73 (.01–2.98) | 0.047* | 1.22 (0.67–2.24) | 0.515 | |
| Use of window nets | Yes | 75 | 15.0 | ||||||
| No | 425 | 85.0 | |||||||
| Ceiling type | Bamboo | 22 | 4.4 | 4 (18.18) | 1 | ||||
| Plywood | 151 | 30.2 | 19 (12.58) | 1.67 (.60–1.95) | 0.377 | ||||
| Zinc | 12 | 2.4 | 0 (0) | 1.08 (.54–5.20) | 0.795 | ||||
| No ceiling | 315 | 63.0 | 37 (11.75) | p = .475 | .000 | 0.999 | |||
| Source of water | Tap | 93 | 18.6 | 8 (8.60) | 1 | ||||
| Stream | 123 | 24.6 | 22 (17.89) | 1.53 (.34–6.80) | 0.578 | ||||
| Spring | 257 | 51.4 | 28 (10.89) | 2.72 (.60–12.35) | 0.194 | ||||
| River | 27 | 5.4 | 2 (7.41) | p = 0.117 | 1.18 (.24–5.90) | 0.843 | |||
| Water storage method | Both | 424 | 84.8 | 49 (11.56) | 1 | ||||
| Close containers | 44 | 8.8 | 6 (13.64) | 1.21 (.49–3.01) | 0.684 | ||||
| Open containers | 32 | 6.4 | 5 (15.63) | p = .745 | 1.42 (.52–3.85) | 0.494 |
COR: Crude Odds Ratio AOR: Adjusted Odds Ratio * Statistically significant association, p < 0.05 χ2 = Pearson’s Chi square test.