4. Sensitivity analysis: blinded studies vs unblinded studies.
| Outcomes or subgroups | Blinded studies, mean difference, IV, fixed‐effect model, 95% CI | Unblinded, mean difference, IV, fixed‐effect model, 95% CI |
| 2.1 SBP (< 6 hours) | ‐4.56 [‐8.39, ‐0.73] Heterogeneity: Chi² = 2.14, df = 3 (P = 0.54); I² = 0% Test for overall effect: Z = 2.33 (P = 0.02) |
‐6.57 [‐10.15, ‐3.00] Heterogeneity: Chi² = 21.80, df = 5 (P = 0.0006); I² = 77% Test for overall effect: Z = 3.60 (P = 0.0003) |
| 2.2 DBP (< 6 hours) | ‐1.50 [‐4.89, 1.89] Heterogeneity: Chi² = 1.99, df = 3 (P = 0.57); I² = 0% Test for overall effect: Z = 0.86 (P = 0.39) |
‐5.37 [‐7.86, ‐2.87] Heterogeneity: Chi² = 16.57, df = 5 (P = 0.005); I² = 70% Test for overall effect: Z = 4.22 (P < 0.0001) |
| 2.3 MAP (< 6 hours) | ‐0.11 [‐3.39, 3.18] Heterogeneity: Chi² = 8.24, df = 4 (P = 0.08); I² = 51% Test for overall effect: Z = 0.06 (P = 0.95) |
‐4.93 [‐8.83, ‐1.02] Heterogeneity: Chi² = 21.61, df = 7 (P = 0.003); I² = 68% Test for overall effect: Z = 2.47 (P = 0.01) |
| 2.4 HR (< 6 hours) | 4.35 [2.31, 6.40] Heterogeneity: Chi² = 2.33, df = 3 (P = 0.51); I² = 0% Test for overall effect: Z = 4.17 (P < 0.0001) |
4.92 [2.77, 7.08] Heterogeneity: Chi² = 7.37, df = 7 (P = 0.39); I² = 5% Test for overall effect: Z = 4.48 (P < 0.00001) |
| 3.1 SBP (< 6 hours) | ‐3.80 [‐8.03, 0.43] Heterogeneity: Chi² = 21.01, df = 7 (P = 0.004); I² = 67% Test for overall effect: Z = 1.76 (P = 0.08) |
‐2.84 [‐5.53, ‐0.14] Heterogeneity: Chi² = 6.04, df = 7 (P = 0.54); I² = 0% Test for overall effect: Z = 2.06 (P = 0.04) |
| 3.2 DBP (< 6 hours) | ‐1.88 [‐4.73, 0.97] Heterogeneity: Tau² = 6.68; Chi² = 11.57, df = 6 (P = 0.07); I² = 48% Test for overall effect: Z = 1.29 (P = 0.20) |
‐1.99 [‐4.89, 0.90] Heterogeneity: Tau² = 3.87; Chi² = 8.16, df = 6 (P = 0.23); I² = 26% Test for overall effect: Z = 1.35 (P = 0.18) |
| 3.3 MAP (< 6 hours) | ‐1.62 [‐3.98, 0.74] Heterogeneity: Chi² = 10.45, df = 8 (P = 0.23); I² = 23% Test for overall effect: Z = 1.35 (P = 0.18) |
‐1.44 [‐4.46, 1.57] Heterogeneity: Chi² = 11.54, df = 7 (P = 0.12); I² = 39% Test for overall effect: Z = 0.94 (P = 0.35) |
| 3.4 HR (< 6 hours) | 4.82 [3.01, 6.63] Heterogeneity: Chi² = 5.79, df = 8 (P = 0.67); I² = 0% Test for overall effect: Z = 5.22 (P < 0.00001) |
6.62 [3.21, 10.03] Heterogeneity: Chi² = 16.68, df = 7 (P = 0.02); I² = 58% Test for overall effect: Z = 3.81 (P = 0.0001) |
CI: confidence interval. DBP: diastolic blood pressure. HR: heart rate. IV: inverse variance. MAP: mean arterial pressure. SBP: systolic blood pressure.