Table 4.
Associations Between Daily Drinking Motives, Daily Drinking Intensity, and Positive Daily Drinking Consequences Among U.S. Young Adults in 2019
| Model 1: | Model 2: | Model 3: | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Motives but not drinking intensity | Drinking intensity but not motives | Both drinking intensity and motives | |
| Est (SE) p | Est (SE) p | EST (SE) p | |
| Level 1: Day | |||
| Drinking intensitya | |||
| Moderate | -- | (ref) | (ref) |
| Binge | -- | 0.529 (0.069) <0.001 | 0.289 (0.066) <0.001 |
| HID | -- | 0.671 (0.103) <0.001 | 0.225 (0.083) 0.006 |
| Motivesb | |||
| Enhancement motives | 0.542 (0.064) <0.001 | -- | 0.479 (0.067) <0.001 |
| Social motives | 0.194 (0.056) 0.001 | -- | 0.154 (0.054) 0.004 |
| Coping motives | 0.072 (0.152) 0.633 | -- | 0.025 (0.153) 0.872 |
| Weekendc (vs. weekday) | -0.037 (0.043) 0.381 | -0.019 (0.049) 0.704 | -0.053 (0.041) 0.203 |
| Burst dayd | -0.003 (0.005) 0.539 | 0.002 (0.006) 0.689 | -0.005 (0.005) 0.337 |
| Level 2: Person | |||
| Drinking intensitye | |||
| Moderate | -- | (ref) | (ref) |
| Binge | -- | 0.411 (0.085) <0.001 | -0.003 (0.075) 0.966 |
| HID | -- | 0.651 (0.082) <0.001 | 0.220 (0.078) 0.005 |
| Motivese | |||
| Enhancement motives | 0.444 (0.062) <0.001 | -- | 0.437 (0.067) <0.001 |
| Social motives | 0.249 (0.039) <0.001 | -- | 0.227 (0.039) <0.001 |
| Coping motives | 0.274 (0.106) 0.010 | -- | 0.293 (0.108) 0.007 |
| Collegef (vs. other) | -0.105 (0.076) 0.164 | -0.135 (0.073) 0.065 | -0.128 (0.073) 0.078 |
| Male (vs. female) | -0.092 (0.049) 0.061 | -0.105 (0.055) 0.055 | -0.099 (0.052) 0.056 |
| Race/ethnicity (referent=White) | |||
| Hispanic | -0.012 (0.074) 0.868 | -0.065 (0.093) 0.484 | -0.024 (0.071) 0.737 |
| Other | 0.085 (0.095) 0.370 | 0.090 (0.101) 0.373 | 0.093 (0.093) 0.320 |
Notes: Ns(unwtd.)= 1,033 days from 483 individuals. Est. = regression estimate from multivariable negative binomial regression; SE=standard error. Bold font indicates associations with p<.05. All measures entered simultaneously.
Drinking intensity use coded using biological sex-specific thresholds: moderate drinking = <4 drinks for women and <5 drinks for men; binge drinking = 4-7 drinks for women and 5-9 drinks for men; high-intensity drinking = 8+ drinks for women and 10+ drinks for men. Person-centered as daily value minus personal mean.
Person-centered as daily value minus personal mean.
Weekend defined as Thursday, Friday, or Saturday.
Burst day numbered continuously from 0-13.
Grand mean centered as person mean minus grand mean.
College defined as attending full-time at a 4-year college.