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. 2021 May 18;12(6):504. doi: 10.1038/s41419-021-03792-8

Fig. 2. TRPV1 alleviates OA by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization in vivo.

Fig. 2

A Time course of rat knee joint diameter in the sham, OA, and OA + CPS groups until 4 (left) and 8 (right) weeks after the radial transection of the medial meniscus. B H&E staining of the synovium in the 4- and 8-week-old sham, OA, and OA + CPS groups. Scale bars: 100 μm. C Immunofluorescence of CD14 and co-immunostaining of CD80 and iNOS with TRPV1 in the 4 and 8 weeks of sham, OA, and OA + CPS groups. Scale bars: 25 μm. Enlarged image is in the boxed area in the bottom left corner. D Quantification of CD14-, CD80-, iNOS-, and TRPV1-positive cells as a proportion of total cells in the synovium of 4- (left panel) and 8- (right panel) week sham, OA, and OA + CPS groups. E SO staining of the knee joint of 4- and 8-week-old sham, OA, and OA + CPS groups. F Quantitative analysis of the OARSI scale of 4- and 8-week-old sham, OA, and OA + CPS groups. Data (n = 6) are shown as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. W week, SO Safranin O/fast green.