Table 1.
Composition of the broiler diet (Experiment 1), laying hen diets (Experiment 2) and broiler breeder diets (Experiment 3).
| Ingredient | Experiment 1 | Experiment 2 | Experiment 3 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Broiler diet1 | Layer diet2 | Molting diet3 | Developer diet4 | Layer diet5 | |
| % |
|||||
| Corn | 57.62 | 56.12 | 23.00 | 59.75 | 62.05 |
| Soybean meal (46% CP) | 32.32 | 27.75 | 0.00 | 14.00 | 16.38 |
| Corn distillers dried grains with solubles | 3.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Soybean oil | 2.59 | 3.78 | 0.00 | 0.54 | 2.62 |
| Wheat middlings | 0.00 | 0.00 | 42.95 | 21.00 | 7.71 |
| Soy hulls | 0.00 | 0.00 | 22.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Calcium carbonate | 0.65 | 9.79 | 9.78 | 1.00 | 7.37 |
| Defluorinated phosphate | 1.24 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.77 | 0.00 |
| Dicalcium phosphate | 0.00 | 1.36 | 1.36 | 0.00 | 1.73 |
| Salt | 0.35 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.16 | 0.19 |
| Sodium carbonate | 0.00 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| L-Lysine HCl (78.8%) | 0.24 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.07 | 0.26 |
| DL- Methionine (99%) | 0.30 | 0.25 | 0.00 | 0.50 | 0.30 |
| L-Threonine (98%) | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.08 | 0.26 |
| L-Tryptophan (98%) | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Choline chloride (60%) | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Vitamin mix6 | 0.39 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.80 | 0.80 |
| Mineral mix7 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
| Solka-Floc8 | 0.99 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Phytase9 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| NSP-enzyme10 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Monensin11 | 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Calculated analysis | |||||
| AMEn (kcal/kg) | 2,964 | 2,867 | 1,875 | 2,836 | 2,864 |
| Crude protein (%) | 20.09 | 17.26 | 10.44 | 14.48 | 13.92 |
| Calcium (%) | 0.95 | 4.41 | 4.44 | 1.08 | 3.43 |
| Available phosphorus (%) | 0.48 | 0.51 | 0.54 | 0.45 | 0.42 |
| Digestible total sulfur amino acids (%) | 0.86 | 0.71 | 0.23 | 0.87 | 0.67 |
| Digestible lysine (%) | 1.13 | 0.82 | 0.38 | 0.64 | 0.78 |
| Digestible threonine (%) | 0.73 | 0.59 | 0.27 | 0.52 | 0.68 |
Broiler starter diet was fed from d 0 to 21 d of age.
Layer diet was fed from 54 wk of age to commencement of molting period at 70 wk of age. Hens returned to their respective layer diet from 73 wk of age to 98 wk of age.
Layer molting diet was fed from 71 through 72 wk of age.
Broiler breeder developer diet was fed from wk 21 (onset of photostimulation) until wk 24 of age.
Broiler breeder layer diet was fed from wk 24 until wk 65 of age.
Vitamin premix (DSM custom vitamin premix, DSM Nutritional Products, Inc. Parsippany, NJ) provided the following per kilogram of broiler diet (Experiment 1): vitamin A, 8,598 IU; vitamin D3, 1,720 IU; vitamin E, 17 IU; vitamin B12, 0.02 mg; riboflavin, 6.9 mg; niacin, 69 mg; d-panthotenic acid, 17 mg; choline chloride, 299 mg; menadione sodium bisulfate, 1.7 mg; folic acid, 0.86 mg; pyridoxine HCl, 3.4 mg; thiamin mononitrate, 3.5 mg; d-biotin, 0.17 mg; and ethoxyquin, 195 mg. The vitamin premix provided the following per kilogram of layer diet (Experiment 2): vitamin A, 5,071 IU; vitamin D3, 1,014 IU; vitamin E, 10 IU; vitamin B12, 0.01 mg; riboflavin, 4.1 mg; niacin, 41 mg; d-panthotenic acid, 10 mg; choline chloride, 176 mg; menadione sodium bisulfate, 1.0 mg; folic acid, 0.51 mg; pyridoxine HCl, 2.0 mg; thiamin mononitrate, 2.0 mg; d-biotin, 0.10 mg; and ethoxyquin, 115 mg. The vitamin premix provided the following per kilogram of the broiler breeder diet (Experiment 3): vitamin A, 17,637 IU; vitamin D3, 3,527 IU; vitamin E, 35 IU; vitamin B12, 0.04 mg; riboflavin, 14 mg; niacin, 141 mg; d-panthotenic acid, 35 mg; choline chloride, 612 mg; menadione sodium bisulfate, 3.5 mg; folic acid, 1.8 mg; pyridoxine HCl, 7.1 mg; thiamin mononitrate, 7.1 mg; d-biotin, 0.35 mg; and ethoxyquin, 400 mg.
Trace mineral premix (Southeastern Minerals custom trace mineral mix. Southeastern Minerals Inc. Bainbridge, GA) provided the following in milligrams per kilogram of diet: manganese, 60; zinc, 50; iron, 30; copper, 5.0; iodine, 1.5; selenium, 0.3. Trace mineral forms were manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, calcium iodate, and sodium selenite.
AZOMITE (Azomite Mineral Products, Nephi, UT) was added at the expense of Solka-Floc (International Fiber Corporation, North Tonawanda, NY). The experimental diets were made from a common minimal basal diet that only lacked Solka-Floc. The individual dietary treatments were made by adding either Solka-Floc, AZ or a combination of Solka-Floc and AZ to the minimal basal diet.
Quantum Blue (5,000 FTU/g, AB Vista, Plantation, FL), added to supply 3,000 FTU/kg finished feed in Experiment 1 or 5,000 FTU/kg finished feed in Experiment 2.
Econase XT (AB Vista, Plantation, FL), added to supply 16,000 Birch Xyan Units/kg finished feed.
Coban 90 (Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN), added to supply Monensin at 0.1 g/kg finished feed.